Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40740703›Full record

ArticleRoyal Society open science2025

A method and system for generating a combination of psychological testing scales.

Yuanye Cao, Xiangyu Shan, Huailing Ma, Xu Liu, Junwu Zhu, Yuanyuan Gao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Royal Society open science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yuanye CaoMedical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Xiangyu ShanSchool of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Huailing MaSchool of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Xu LiuSchool of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2248-163X
Junwu ZhuSchool of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Yuanyuan GaoSchool of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Given the inherent limitations of traditional psychological testing scales in terms of breadth and specificity, both comprehensive and individual assessment scales offer distinct advantages. However, challenges persist because of their complementary deficiencies in practical applications. This article argues that intricate content optimization of scales is not necessary; instead, it conceptualizes comprehensive scales and individual assessment items as a multi-label classification problem. By employing a hierarchical framework, it becomes possible to achieve overall optimization of psychological testing scales. To this end, the paper introduces an algorithm designed to generate combinations of psychological scales, optimizing both comprehensive and individual assessments. This optimization is realized through a series of methodological steps, including the analysis of historical positive diagnosis data, the calculation of item probability indices, the dynamic adaptation of test content, the sequencing of items and the construction of a hierarchical scale system. Simulation experiments demonstrate that this approach enhances the efficiency and accuracy of psychological testing, particularly in diagnosing moderate to severe symptoms. However, the algorithm exhibits relatively lower accuracy for mild symptoms owing to their lower positive rate. The proposed algorithm significantly improves the optimization of psychological testing scales, particularly excelling in the assessment of moderate symptoms.

Indexed as

dynamic combination generation methodpsychological testing scaletree-structured probability judgement

Identifiers

PMID40740703
PMCPMC12308355

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.