ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025
Exploratory study of the effect of DHA supplementation on blood fatty acids and inflammatory markers in children with MIS-C.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background and aims: Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 may develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) 4-6 weeks after exposure. MIS-C is characterized by elevated markers of inflammation and low blood values of linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during acute phase. The aim of this pilot exploratory study was to assess the short-term beneficial impact on the blood fatty acid profile following DHA supplementation in children who have suffered from MIS-C. Methods: Fifty-two children aged 2-18 years with diagnosed MIS-C, were enrolled between December '20 and March '22. Blood samples were collected at hospital discharge (T0), and at 3 (T1) and 6 months (T2) post-discharge using dried blood spots for fatty acid analysis by gas chromatography. Inflammatory and metabolic blood markers were assessed at T0 and T2. All participants received healthy dietary advice throughout the study. In Group 1 23 consecutive patients received DHA supplementation (250 mg/day of DHA) from T0 to T1, followed by dietary advice alone until T2. In Group 2 29 children with MIS-C received only dietary advice throughout the observation period. Results: An altered inflammatory status, independent of treatment, was shown in all children compared to pediatric reference values. After intervention, Group 1 experienced a significant enrichment in both total n-6 and n-3 blood FAs when compared to baseline ( Conclusion: This pilot study is the first to explore the potential effects of DHA supplementation in children with MIS-C. DHA was associated with improvements in the blood fatty acid profile, which persisted beyond the supplementation period, and showed a trend toward normalization of selected biochemical parameters. Further adequately powered, controlled studies are needed to confirm these observations and to evaluate the potential role of early n-3 PUFA supplementation during the stable and recovery phases in critically ill pediatric patients.
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