Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40739608›Full record

ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2025

Toward Noninvasively Imaging pH at the Surface of Implanted Orthopedic Devices in Live Rabbits Using X-ray Excited Luminescence Chemical Imaging.

Unaiza Uzair, Fenglin Wang, Donald Benza, Yash S Raval, Sriparna Bhattacharya, Tzuen-Rong J Tzeng, Jeffrey N Anker

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Unaiza UzairDepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8249-8791
Fenglin WangDepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
Donald BenzaDepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
Yash S RavalDepartment of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
Sriparna BhattacharyaDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Clemson Nanomaterials Institute, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-9230
Tzuen-Rong J TzengDepartment of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1835-9639
Jeffrey N AnkerDepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9544-2367

Funding

Detecting and Monitoring Implant Infection Using X-ray Excited Luminescence Chemical Imaging (XELCI)R01AR070305 · NIAMS · CLEMSON UNIVERSITY · PI ANKER, JEFFREY N · 2016 to 2020
$1.6M
Fulbright ProgramNIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR070305NIAMS NIH HHS R01AR070305
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

X-ray excited luminescence chemical imaging (XELCI) and associated sensor surfaces are designed to noninvasively study, detect, and monitor local chemistry at the surface of modified implanted medical devices during infection. Implants are coated with polymer films containing scintillators and pH indicator dyes that together generate a pH-dependent luminescence when irradiated by X-rays. A focused X-ray beam provides high spatial resolution, while the pH indicator provides chemical sensitivity. A live rabbit pH-imaging study on a scintillator-coated implanted titanium plate evaluates the sensor performance with and without Staphylococcus aureus infection and biocompatibility through long-term histological examinations. 5000 cfu are sufficient to cause infection without fatality. XELCI images clearly shows dye and reference regions in live rabbits; no leaching is evident in titanium plates coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel up to 10 days, although dye leached fromvinyl-PEG film-coated implants. No toxicity is evident, and pH sensors remained stable after up to 3 months postimplantation. In these preliminary studies, acidosis is not observed in either infected or control legs in vivo or postmortem. The results demonstrate the feasibility of imaging pH and provide insights for optimizing the sensor and the imaging modality for subsequent studies on pH changes on implants during infection.

Indexed as

Prostheses and ImplantsAnimalsCoated Materials, BiocompatibleHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationLuminescenceLuminescent MeasurementsRabbitsStaphylococcal InfectionsStaphylococcus aureusTitaniumX-RaysCoated Materials, BiocompatibleTitaniumimplant‐associated infectionin vivo bioimagingorthopedic implantspH mappingpH sensorsXELCI

Identifiers

PMID40739608
PMCPMC12477567

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.