Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40739554›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025

Impact of web-based breastfeeding education on breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding rates among primiparous mothers in iran: a quasi-experimental study.

Samaneh Fallah-Karimi, Hassan Robabi, Zahra Khalilzadeh-Farsangi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Samaneh Fallah-KarimiMaster of pediatric Nursing, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Hassan RobabiInstructor of Community Health Nursing, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Zahra Khalilzadeh-FarsangiMaster of Science in Community Health Nursing, Community Health Nursing Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. zahrakhlilzde@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionExclusive breastfeeding is one of the most effective ways to meet the nutritional needs of infants in early life. Web-based breastfeeding education platforms offer a modern solution to support primiparous mothers by providing structured, interactive content such as videos, podcasts, and learning assessments. In this study, an educational website was developed to deliver weekly sessions, track progress through quizzes, and send reminders to encourage participation. This study aimed to examine the effect of such a web-based program on the exclusive breastfeeding self-efficacy of primiparous mothersin Iran.

methodsThis research was a semi-experimental study conducted with 70 primiparous women visiting healthcare centers in Zahedan city in 2024. The intervention group used a website designed by the researcher for 8 sessions. This website contained information and expert advice on breastfeeding and correct breastfeeding techniques. The data collection tool was the Dennis Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale, which was completed at two stages: pre-test and post-test (3 weeks after the intervention). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.

resultsThe average age of mothers in the intervention group was 24.85 ± 5.49 years, and in the control group, it was 26.22 ± 4.65 years. Before the intervention, breastfeeding self-efficacy scores in the intervention and control groups were 30.42 ± 6.49 and 32.82 ± 4.30, respectively. After the intervention, the self-efficacy scores increased to 36.45 ± 5.73 in the intervention group and 32.88 ± 4.29 in the control group. In fact, web-based breastfeeding education significantly increased breastfeeding self-efficacy in the intervention group (p < 0.001).

conclusionThe results of this study indicate that breastfeeding education websites can have a significant impact on the breastfeeding self-efficacy of primiparous mothers in the context of exclusive breastfeeding. By providing accurate and scientific information, these websites help mothers approach breastfeeding with greater confidence. It is recommended that these websites be included in supportive programs for pregnant primiparous women.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingHealth EducationInternet-Based InterventionMothersPatient Education as TopicSelf EfficacyAdultFemaleHumansInternetIranParityPregnancyYoung AdultBreastfeedingBreast milkPrimiparous mothers

Identifiers

PMID40739554
PMCPMC12312267

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.