Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40739400›Full record

ArticleNature chemistry2025

Flame synthesis achieves compositionally tailorable high-entropy metal-containing nanomaterials.

Zhen Liu, Eirini Goudeli, Rui Guo, Houting Xie, Qinjian Luo, Laichun Zhao, Wanjun Xu, Joseph J Richardson, Weijian Xu, Frank Caruso and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Non-Equilibrium Synthesis Methods to Create Metastable and High-Entropy Nanomaterials.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Zhen LiuState Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, Institute of Polymer Science & Engineering, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
Eirini GoudeliDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Rui GuoState Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, Institute of Polymer Science & Engineering, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China. rguo@hnu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8627-5405
Houting XieState Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, Institute of Polymer Science & Engineering, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
Qinjian LuoState Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, Institute of Polymer Science & Engineering, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
Laichun ZhaoState Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, Institute of Polymer Science & Engineering, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-1405-3201
Wanjun XuDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1023-4671
Joseph J RichardsonDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Weijian XuState Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, Institute of Polymer Science & Engineering, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
Frank CarusoDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. fcaruso@unimelb.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0197-497X
Shuaijun PanState Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, Institute of Polymer Science & Engineering, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China. pansj@hnu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6370-2470

Funding

Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC) FT210100669National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22378105National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 23FAA02526
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High-entropy metal-containing nanomaterials have garnered interest in diverse fields such as electrocatalysis and energy conversion. Their synthesis typically requires high temperatures (>1,000 K) to facilitate homogeneous mixing and rapid transformation of metal precursors. However, current state-of-the-art approaches typically involve complex reaction environments and require specialized equipment and operations. Herein we demonstrate a versatile flame synthesis process to fabricate high-entropy metallic single atoms and/or nanoparticles supported on soot-like carbon via blending organometallic precursors into fuel (namely, paraffin wax) and subsequent burning. The high flame temperature (~1,800 K) enables strong metal-carbon association with tailorable chemistry and homogeneous bonding between dissimilar metallic elements (up to 25 metals studied), regardless of their thermodynamic compatibility. Additionally, we show high-performance electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide to highlight this approach as a promising method for electrocatalyst development.

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.