ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
Dynamic monitoring of antibody titers in people living with HIV during Omicron epidemic: comparison between unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has affected hundreds of millions globally, resulting in millions of deaths. People living with HIV (PLWH) typically exhibit significantly lower antibody titers after vaccination compared to healthy individuals, and are particularly vulnerable to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) due to their compromised immune system. Given the continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, monitoring immune responses in this high-risk population is crucial. This study aims to investigate SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics in PLWH during the Omicron BA.5 and XBB.1.5 waves in China, with a focus of vaccination and antibody detection kits.
methodsIn December 2022, we recruited 147 PLWH who were initially infected with the Omicron variant during the BA.5 wave. They were unvaccinated, fully vaccinated, or received a dose of booster immunization. A four-month follow-up was conducted during the XBB.1.5 wave. At both time points, information related to basic demographic, HIV, and COVID-19 were collected. Peripheral blood samples were obtained to measure SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels and HIV viral loads. SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were measured using eight serological kits against wild-type S strain, and two kits against BA.4/5 and XBB.1.5 strains, respectively.
resultsBooster vaccination was associated with the highest antibody levels after breakthrough infection, followed by full vaccination, and unvaccination. The differences in antibody levels between three groups diminished by the second follow-up in the reinfected PLWH. Those with HIV viral load higher than 30 IU/mL exhibited reduced antibody responses. Spearman correlation analysis showed that in the vaccinated individuals with Omicron reinfection, the kits against wild-type strain showed poorer correlation with BA.4/5 and XBB.1.5 kits than unvaccinated individuals, confirming antibody repertoire alterations after repeated exposure.
conclusionsOur findings show the importance of vaccination in enhancing SARS-CoV-2 immunity among PLWH, with the diminishing differences in antibody levels in repeated Omicron reinfections. The results emphasize the need for continuous monitoring using variant-specific serological kits and adaptation of vaccination strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.