Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40738974›Full record

ArticleNature biomedical engineering2026

CRISPR-GPT for agentic automation of gene-editing experiments.

Yuanhao Qu, Kaixuan Huang, Ming Yin, Kanghong Zhan, Dyllan Liu, Di Yin, Henry C Cousins, William A Johnson, Xiaotong Wang, Mihir Shah and 4 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  11. Article
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  13. A comprehensive survey of AI agents in healthcare.Journal of biomedical informatics · 2026
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Machine Learning for CRISPR-Based Diagnostics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  17. Genome evolution through polyploidy: Enhancing plant stress resilience in agriculture.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Yuanhao Qu *Department of Pathology, Department of Genetics, Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7574-259X
Kaixuan Huang *Center for Statistics and Machine Learning, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Ming YinCenter for Statistics and Machine Learning, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Kanghong ZhanDepartment of Computing, Data Science, and Society, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Dyllan LiuDepartment of Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Di YinDepartment of Pathology, Department of Genetics, Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Henry C CousinsDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
William A JohnsonDepartment of Pathology, Department of Genetics, Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Xiaotong WangDepartment of Pathology, Department of Genetics, Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Mihir ShahDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0854-2384
Russ B AltmanDepartment of Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3859-2905
Denny ZhouGoogle DeepMind, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Mengdi WangCenter for Statistics and Machine Learning, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. mengdiw@princeton.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2101-9507
Le CongDepartment of Pathology, Department of Genetics, Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. congle@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4725-8714

Funding

National Science Foundation (NSF) 1653435U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) R35HG011316, 1R01GM141627
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Performing effective gene-editing experiments requires a deep understanding of both the CRISPR technology and the biological system involved. Meanwhile, despite their versatility and promise, large language models (LLMs) often lack domain-specific knowledge and struggle to accurately solve biological design problems. We present CRISPR-GPT, an LLM agent system to automate and enhance CRISPR-based gene-editing design and data analysis. CRISPR-GPT leverages the reasoning capabilities of LLMs for complex task decomposition, decision-making and interactive human-artificial intelligence (AI) collaboration. This system incorporates domain expertise, retrieval techniques, external tools and a specialized LLM fine tuned with open-forum discussions among scientists. CRISPR-GPT assists users in selecting CRISPR systems, experiment planning, designing guide RNAs, choosing delivery methods, drafting protocols, designing assays and analysing data. We showcase the potential of CRISPR-GPT by knocking out four genes with CRISPR-Cas12a in a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line and epigenetically activating two genes using CRISPR-dCas9 in a human melanoma cell line. CRISPR-GPT enables fully AI-guided gene-editing experiment design and analysis across different modalities, validating its effectiveness as an AI co-pilot in genome engineering.

Indexed as

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatsCRISPR-Cas SystemsGene EditingArtificial IntelligenceAutomationCell Line, TumorHumansRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas SystemsRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems

Identifiers

PMID40738974
PMCPMC12920143

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.