ArticleNucleic acids research2025
SnoBIRD: a tool to identify C/D box snoRNAs and refine their annotation across all eukaryotes.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- A de novo genome assembly of an Angelman syndrome pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) model to resolve SNHG14.The Journal of heredity · 2026Article
- SnoRNA Expression and RNA 2'-O-Methylation inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Copy number evolution of conserved noncoding RNA gene families across mammals.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026Article
- RNase III cleavage sites spread across splice junctions enforce sequential snoRNA processing.EMBO reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), a group of noncoding RNAs present amongst all eukaryotes, are most extensively characterized for their regulation of ribosome biogenesis and splicing. Despite their central roles, current snoRNA annotations remain incomplete. Several eukaryote genome annotations contain few or no snoRNAs, and none distinguish expressed snoRNAs from their pseudogenes-a recently characterized snoRNA subclass with distinct features and expression levels. To address this, we developed SnoBIRD, a BERT-based C/D box snoRNA predictor trained on snoRNAs spanning all eukaryote kingdoms. We show that SnoBIRD outperforms existing tools and is the only predictor capable of identifying snoRNA pseudogenes using biologically relevant signal. Applied on the fission yeast and human genomes, we demonstrate that only SnoBIRD scales well with genome size in terms of runtime, and we identify and experimentally validate several new SnoBIRD-predicted C/D box snoRNAs. By running SnoBIRD on multiple eukaryote genomes, we identify hundreds of novel snoRNA candidates and highlight SnoBIRD's usefulness to determine the evolutionary paths of snoRNAs distributed across different species. Overall, SnoBIRD represents a user-friendly and efficient tool for reliably predicting C/D box snoRNAs and their pseudogenes across any eukaryote genome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.