ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
A novel adjuvant system BK-02 with CpG2006 and MF59 enhances the immunogenicity of a herpes zoster subunit vaccine.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Varicella Zoster Virus Infection: Clinical Features, Molecular Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Prevention.MedComm · 2026Review
- Unraveling immune-inflammation-aging network interactions: an interpretable machine learning model predicts the risk of postherpetic neuralgia.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
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13 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) results in herpes zoster (HZ), which can lead to complications such as postherpetic neuralgia. The commercially available HZ subunit adjuvanted vaccine, Shingrix®, offers significant protection against HZ in older adults. However, the adjuvant system of this vaccine has limitations that necessitate the development of alternative adjuvant systems. Methods: In this study, we established a novel adjuvant system, BK-02, composed of both the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist BK-02C (CpG2006) and a squalene-based oil-in-water emulsion, BK-02M (MF59), using ELISA, ELISpot, and flow cytometry analyses. Results: Our results showed that when combined with glycoprotein E (gE), the active ingredient of a recombinant HZ vaccine, the BK-02 adjuvant system elicited significantly higher gE-specific IFN-γ Discussion: These findings indicated that the BK-02 adjuvant system is a promising adjuvant candidate for the current HZ subunit vaccines.
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