Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40735053›Full record

ReviewJournal of public health research2025

COVID-19 and its association with meteorological, climate, and environmental factors: A systematic review.

SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Arian Afzalian, Hengameh Mojdeganlou, Sanaz Varshochi, Parinaz Paranjkhoo, Parmida Shahbazi, Mina Hajizadeh, Sohrab Lotfi, Amirhassan Hajei, Khadijeh Nasiri and 7 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of public health research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghiIranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Arian AfzalianSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hengameh MojdeganlouDepartment of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
Sanaz VarshochiSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Parinaz ParanjkhooTurpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2604-5795
Parmida ShahbaziOrthopedic Department, Orthopedic Surgery Research Center (OSRC), Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-6153
Mina HajizadehFaculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Microbiology, Tehran University Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1585-0748
Sohrab LotfiSchool of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Amirhassan HajeiSchool of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8906-7767
Khadijeh NasiriDepartment of Nursing, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran.
Amir Masoud AfsahiDepartment of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), California, USA.
Fatemeh AfroughiSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ladan HeidaresfahaniSchool of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1934-7226
Amirali KarimiSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Narjes Sadat Farizani GohariSchool of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Esmaeil MehraeenDepartment of Health Information Technology, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4108-2973
Daniel HackettPhysical Activity, Lifestyle, Ageing and Wellbeing Faculty Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2504-3942

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

COVID-19 transmission can be influenced by various factors, including weather and climate conditions, population density, and the availability of medical facilities. To gain a deeper understanding of this topic, an in-depth analysis of recent studies is needed. Our objective was to investigate previous systematic reviews that have examined the seasonal variation of COVID-19 and the impact of climate on its transmission and mortality. Online databases that included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane were searched using relevant keywords up to November 2021. Negative associations were found between temperature and COVID-19 spread and mortality (6/9 studies, 66.6%). These negative correlations imply a decrease in the spread and mortality of COVID-19 with an increase in temperature. Similarly, seven systematic reviews reported a negative correlation between humidity and transmission or mortality of COVID-19 (7/9 studies, 77.7%). COVID-19 spread was not associated with precipitation (three studies) but was negatively correlated with sunlight or UV radiation (two studies), COVID-19 incidence and mortality were positively associated with wind speed (one study). One study reported that the effect of air pressure and UV radiation on COVID-19 activity was unknown. The effects of air pollution, seasonal changes, wind speed, precipitation, and UV radiation on COVID-19 incidence or mortality remain unclear. However, factors proposed as having the greatest influence on COVID-19 incidence or mortality include air pollution, wind speed, and wastewater. Sunlight exposure and warm climates likely assist with reducing COVID-19 incidence or mortality, with the infection having a winter seasonality.

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2seasonseasonal variationtemperatureweather

Identifiers

PMID40735053
PMCPMC12304582

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.