ArticleMicromachines2025
Parametric Rule-Based Intelligent System (PRISM) for Design and Analysis of High-Strength Separable Microneedles.
Article in Micromachines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Transdermal microneedle systems have received great attention due to their minimally invasive way of delivering biomolecules through the skin with reduced pain. However, designing high-strength separable microneedles, which enable easy skin penetration and easy patch detachment, is challenging. Here, we present a Parametric Rule-based Intelligent System (PRISM), which generates the design of and analyzes high-strength separable microneedles. The PRISM platform integrates parametric 3D modeling, geometry-based structural analysis, and high-resolution micro-3D printing for the creation of high-strength separable microneedles. We fabricated prototype microneedle arrays via microscale stereolithographic printing (pµSL) and demonstrated separation of microneedle tips in a skin-mimicking phantom sample. Mechanical testing showed that the suggested design achieved 2.13 ± 0.51 N axial resistance and 73.92 ± 34.77 mN shear fracture force; this surpasses that of conventional designs. Finally, an experiment using a skin-mimicking artificial phantom sample confirmed that only the PRISM-designed separable microneedles could have been inserted and separated at the target depth, whereas conventional designs failed to detach. This approach addresses the development of microneedle systems, which achieve both robust skin phantom penetration and reliable separable delivery, presenting an efficient development tool in transdermal drug delivery technology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.