ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2025
Gut-derived bacterial vesicles carrying lipopolysaccharide promote microglia-mediated synaptic pruning.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- The glymphatic-lymphatic axis: known pathways, open questions, and emerging roles in neurodegeneration.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Piezo1 in Peripheral and Central Sensitisation: Implications for Chronic Pain.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- The Gut-Immune-Brain Axis in Aging: Integrating Immunosenescence, Inflammaging, and Neuroinflammation for Precision Medicine.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Vorinostat Rescues Cognitive Deficits in a Neuroinflammatory Mouse Model: A Study of Sex Differences and the Underlying TLR4/NF-κB Mechanism.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles: novel perspectives from host-microbe interactions to therapeutic applications.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Review
- How gut microbiota contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders: evidence from neuroimaging studies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Piezo1 Impairs Endothelial Barrier and Drives Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection via STAT3-Dependent Activation of the CCL2-CCR2 Axis.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Gut-brain axis mechanisms of remote brain dysfunction after traumatic spinal cord injury: immune inflammation, the vagus nerve, and neuroendocrine pathways.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- The Informational Blackout chronic pain and fatigue as rational outputs of a brain operating on degraded biological signals.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- IntestinalFrontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Review
- More than Dysbiosis: Imbalance in Humoral and Neuronal Bidirectional Crosstalk Between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Artificial intelligence empowers gut microbiota research in neurodegenerative diseases molecular mechanisms and precision therapy.iScience · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer's disease - Immunomodulatory mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic opportunities: A review.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- Gut-derived bacterial vesicles carrying lipopolysaccharide promote microglia-mediated synaptic pruning.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Microbial orchestration of neuroimmune crosstalk: from homeostasis to disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel mechanism of Alzheimer's disease and implications for the development of therapeutic or early detection strategies.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionGrowing evidence links gut microbiota (GM) to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Elevated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, a Gram-negative bacteria component, are found in AD brains, but how LPS breaches the blood-brain barrier (BBB) remains unclear. Hypotheses suggest that bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles (bEVs) may transport LPS across the BBB.
methodsbEVs were extracted from human and mouse feces and blood, and LPS levels were measured. In vivo imaging and immunofluorescence confirmed the transport of blood LPS-carrying bEVs across the BBB. The role of these bEVs in microglia was investigated both in vivo and in vitro.
resultsElevated LPS-containing bEVs were detected in the plasma of AD patients compared to healthy individuals. These bEVs activated microglial Piezo1, consequently precipitating an excessive synaptic pruning process mediated by the C1q-C3 complement pathway. DISCUSSION: These findings illuminate the complex interplay between the gut microbiota, bEVs, neuroinflammation, and synaptic plasticity - a key early event in AD - offering insights for potential therapeutic interventions. HIGHLIGHTS: GM-derived bEVs can traverse the BBB. LPS was necessary for bEVs' penetration into the brain, and bEVs might be closely related to AD progression. bEVs mediated microglial activation and synaptic pruning via C1q-C3 complement pathway. Microglia Piezo1 was involved in bEV-induced excessive synaptic pruning.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.