Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40730995›Full record

ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2025

Association of altitude and eosinophil with the one-year mortality of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cohort study.

Junqing Li, Zhangchun He, Chengyue Zhu, Rongrong Li, Zixuan Zheng, Hanwei Zhao, Yue Dong, Zhijun Jie, Heyuan Ding, Jindong Shi

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Junqing Li *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Zhangchun He *People's Hospital of Weixi Lisu Autonomous County, Yunnan, 674600, China.
Chengyue Zhu *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Rongrong LiPeople's Hospital of Longling County, Yunnan, 678300, China.
Zixuan ZhengDepartment of General medicine, Zhuanqiao Community Healthcare Service Center of Minhang District, Shanghai, 201108, China.
Hanwei ZhaoDepartment of General medicine, Zhuanqiao Community Healthcare Service Center of Minhang District, Shanghai, 201108, China.
Yue DongDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Zhijun JieDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Heyuan DingDepartment of Endocrinology, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, NO. 366 Longchuan North Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200237, China. heyuan.ding@fudan.edu.cn.
Jindong ShiDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Pujiang Hospital of Minhang District, 365 Puhang Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201114, China. shijindong@fudan.edu.cn.

Funding

the construction plan of key disciplines in Shanghai Municipal Health System No. 2024ZDXK0017the Medical Specialized Department Project of Minhang District No. 2025MWFC07the Natural Science Foundation of Xuhui District No. SHXH202415
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAltitude and eosinophil (EOS) are closely related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are limited studies on the association of altitude and EOS with mortality of COPD patients. Our aim was to explore the association of altitude and EOS with one-year all-cause mortality of patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).

methodsA total of 351 inpatients with AECOPD in two hospitals from 2021 to 2022 were enrolled and divided into two groups based on the altitude and followed up for one year. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the relationship of altitude and eosinophil with one-year all-cause mortality. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to investigate the relationship between variables and outcome. In addition, a post hoc analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between EOS and one-year mortality of AECOPD patients at high altitude.

resultsPatients at high altitude had a higher one-year all-cause mortality compared with patients at low altitude (P = 0.001). Multivariate COX regression showed that altitude (HR 3.03, 95% CI 1.22-7.54, P = 0.017), age (HR 2.77, 95% CI 1.31-5.88, P = 0.008) and CRP (HR 2.62, 95% CI 1.29-5.29, P = 0.007) increased the mortality risk in AECOPD patients. BMI (HR 0.34, 95% CI 0.15-0.78, P = 0.011) and EOS (HR 0.16, 95% CI 0.04-0.68, P = 0.013) decreased the mortality risk in AECOPD patients. Age, BMI, EOS and CRP were linearly correlated with one-year mortality of AECOPD. A post hoc analysis revealed that EOS (HR 0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.70, P = 0.014) decreased the mortality risk in AECOPD patients at high altitude.

conclusionPatients with COPD at high altitude had a higher one-year mortality. Altitude and EOS are associated with one-year mortality in COPD patients, which underscores the potential therapeutic benefits of EOS in mitigating the mortality risk of AECOPD patients at high altitude.

Indexed as

AltitudeEosinophilsPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveAgedCohort StudiesDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsAcute exacerbationAltitudeBlood eosinophilChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseMortality

Identifiers

PMID40730995
PMCPMC12308960

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.