ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2025
Effect of sarcopenia combined with Metabolic Syndrome (MS) on the prognosis of intertrochanteric fractures: a retrospective clinical study.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Risk Factors Associated with Complications and Early Mortality of Hip Fracture Surgery in Elderly Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIntertrochanteric fractures pose significant health risks for elderly patients. While metabolic syndrome (MS) and sarcopenia independently impact postoperative outcomes, their synergistic effects on intertrochanteric fracture prognosis remain unclear. This study investigates the individual and combined influence of MS and sarcopenia on complications and functional recovery in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 460 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures, categorized into four groups: control (n = 174), MS (n = 122), sarcopenia (n = 89), and combined (n = 75). Preoperative-perioperative and postoperative data of the MS, sarcopenia, and combined groups were compared with the control group. Primary outcomes included 3-month Barthel Index (BI) and Harris Hip Score (HHS). Multivariate logistic regression identified predictors of poor recovery (HHS < 70).
resultsThe MS group had younger patients with higher body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes prevalence, and longer surgery durations (P < 0.05). Sarcopenia and combined groups exhibited lower weight, BMI, handgrip strength (HS), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), and higher American society of Aneshesiologists (ASA) scores (P < 0.05). The MS, sarcopenia, and combined groups had higher incidences of pulmonary infections and pressure ulcers compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The sarcopenia and combined groups also had higher rates of organ failure (P < 0.05), with the combined group showing increased ICU admission (P = 0.003) and in-hospital mortality (P = 0.027). At three months post-discharge, the sarcopenia and combined groups exhibited higher mortality rates (P < 0.001). At the 3-month follow-up, the sarcopenia and combined groups had significantly lower HHS and BI compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression identified sarcopenia alone (OR 6.50, 95% CI 2.56-20.10; P < 0.001) and combined with MS (OR 9.46, 95% CI 3.33-34.80; P < 0.001) as significant predictors of poor postoperative recovery.
conclusionSarcopenia significantly worsens postoperative prognosis in elderly intertrochanteric fracture patients, with synergistic deterioration when combined with MS. Chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and muscle-bone metabolic dysregulation drive adverse outcomes. Comprehensive preoperative screening for sarcopenia and MS, coupled with tailored nutritional support and early rehabilitation, is critical to mitigate complications and improve functional recovery. These findings advocate for integrated care protocols targeting metabolic-musculoskeletal health in geriatric fracture management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.