Trial reportBMC anesthesiology2025
Esketamine for Preventing Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort After Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in BMC anesthesiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCatheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) is associated with anxiety, pain, and an increased risk of perioperative complications. Esketamine, which exhibits analgesic and anticholinergic properties, may offer therapeutic benefits in this context. This study aims to evaluate the effects of varying sub-anesthetic doses of esketamine on the incidence and severity of CRBD following ureteroscopic lithotripsy.
methodsA total of 168 patients were randomly assigned to three groups: Esk15 (0.15 mg/kg esketamine), Esk25 (0.25 mg/kg esketamine), and a placebo group (2 mL saline). The primary outcome was the incidence of moderate-to-severe CRBD at 0 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included the incidence and severity of CRBD at 0, 1, 2, and 6 h postoperatively, esketamine-related adverse reactions, rescue doses of tramadol and metoclopramide, and patient satisfaction assessed at 6 h postoperatively.
resultsOne hundred sixty-six enrolled patients completed the study (Esk15: n = 55; Esk25: n = 55; placebo: n = 56). The incidence of moderate-to-severe CRBD at 0 h postoperatively was significantly lower in the Esk25 group (9.1%, 5/55; P = 0.001) compared to the placebo group (33.9%, 19/56). At 1 h and 6 h postoperatively, the Esk25 group exhibited a further reduction in moderate-to-severe CRBD incidences compared to placebo (1 h: P = 0.011; 6 h: P = 0.009). Furthermore, the incidences of CRBD at 0 and 1 h postoperatively were significantly lower in group Esk25 compared to placebo group (0 h: P = 0.006; 1 h: P = 0.001). The Esk25 group required significantly fewer tramadol rescue doses than the placebo group (P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed among the groups in metoclopramide use, patient satisfaction, or esketamine-related adverse events.
conclusionEsketamine administered at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg was effective in reducing both the incidence and severity of CRBD, without increasing adverse effects. These findings suggest that a higher sub-anesthetic dose of esketamine may be a viable option for managing CRBD in patients undergoing ureteroscopic lithotripsy.
trial registrationThe trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry ( www.chictr.org.cn , registration number: ChiCTR2300076262, date of registration: 29/09/2023).
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