Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40730772›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Swelling reduction in bentonite due to saline solutions via fractal modeling.

Fazal E Jalal, Xiaoyue Li, Kennedy Onyelowe

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Fazal E JalalInterdisciplinary Research Center for Construction and Building Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
Xiaoyue LiState Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China. umtec.lixy@um.edu.mo.
Kennedy OnyeloweDepartment of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda. kennedychibuzor@kiu.ac.ug.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study quantifies the complex impact of saline solution on the swelling behaviour of compacted bentonite or montmorillonite clay. The influence mechanisms can be divided into macroscopic mechanical action and microscopic chemical reaction, depending on the altered minerals in the bentonite. A fractal adsorption model has been introduced to depict the void ratio of montmorillonite in different saline solutions at a steady swelling state with a uniform power function. In the formulated model, the osmotic suction of saline solution (π) and vertical load (p) were classified as the macroscopic mechanical actions and were embodied by total effective stress (p

Indexed as

BentoniteFractal adsorption modelSaline solutionSwelling coefficient

Identifiers

PMID40730772
PMCPMC12307631

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.