Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40730696›Full record

ArticleJournal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology2025

Intranasal Dimethyl Trisulfide: Long-Term Efficacy in an Acutely Lethal Large Swine Model of Cyanide Exposure.

Tara B Hendry-Hofer, Carter Severance, Christopher J Haberkorn, Nathan Wetmore, Walker G West, Sharmin Sultana, Dennean S Lippner, Melissa O Rhoomes, Brian A Logue, Gary A Rockwood and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Tara B Hendry-HoferDepartment of Emergency Medicine Center for Combat and Battlefield (COMBAT) Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. Tara.hendry-hofer@cuanschutz.edu.
Carter SeveranceDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Christopher J HaberkornDepartment of Emergency Medicine Center for Combat and Battlefield (COMBAT) Research, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Critical Care, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Nathan WetmoreDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Walker G WestDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Sharmin SultanaDepartment of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.
Dennean S LippnerMedical Toxicology Research Division, Biochemistry and Physiology Branch, Melissa O. Rhoomes Medical Toxicology Research Division, Biochemistry and Physiology Branch, Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense Aberdeen Proving Ground, Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Maryland, MD, USA.
Melissa O RhoomesMedical Toxicology Research Division, Biochemistry and Physiology Branch, Melissa O. Rhoomes Medical Toxicology Research Division, Biochemistry and Physiology Branch, Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense Aberdeen Proving Ground, Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Maryland, MD, USA.
Brian A LogueDepartment of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.
Gary A RockwoodMedical Toxicology Research Division, Biochemistry and Physiology Branch, Melissa O. Rhoomes Medical Toxicology Research Division, Biochemistry and Physiology Branch, Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense Aberdeen Proving Ground, Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Maryland, MD, USA.
Vikhyat S BebartaDepartment of Emergency Medicine Center for Combat and Battlefield (COMBAT) Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.

Funding

Medical Research and Materiel Command W81XWH2020019
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCyanide poisoning poses an ongoing threat to military personnel and civilian populations. FDA approved antidotes require intravenous administration which can be challenging to accomplish in austere environments. Intranasal (IN) delivery is an innovative approach to developing easy to administer medical countermeasures for field use. Rapid absorption through the nasal mucosa and passage of dimethyl trisulfide across the blood-brain barrier could enhance effectiveness in mitigating cyanide toxicity.

methodsAn acutely lethal swine model of cyanide poisoning was used to assess the efficacy of IN dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) on survival, clinical outcomes, and cognitive function. Swine were anesthetized and instrumented for monitoring of vital signs and blood sampling prior to exposure to potassium cyanide. Cyanide exposure continued until 6 min after apnea occurred. Upon cessation of cyanide exposure IN DMTS (n = 12) or saline control (n = 6) was administered. Six animals from the DMTS treatment group were survived for 7 days post treatment to assess for cognitive deficits following rescue.

resultsPrior to experimentation physiological and laboratory characteristics were similar across both study groups. Following treatment, survival in the DMTS group was 75% compared to 0% in the control group (p = 0.0014). Blood lactate concentration in the DMTS group was significantly improved (i.e., lower) compared to controls (p < 0.0001; 6.78 ± 4.58 vs. 17.22 ± 2.56 mmol/L, respectively). Additionally, swine treated with IN DMTS demonstrated no long-term cognitive deficits 7 days post rescue.

conclusionTreatment with IN DMTS improved survival and clinical outcomes in an acutely lethal porcine model of cyanide poisoning.

Indexed as

AntidotesPotassium CyanideSulfidesAdministration, IntranasalAnimalsCognitionDisease Models, AnimalFemaleMaleSwineAntidotesdimethyl trisulfidePotassium CyanideSulfidesDimethyl TrisulfideMedical CountermeasuresPotassium Cyanide

Identifiers

PMID40730696
PMCPMC12511489

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.