Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40729426›Full record

SynthesisActa paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)2025

Absence of Evidence of Beneficial Effects of Human Milk-Based Fortifier: A Bayesian Model-Averaged Meta-Analysis.

Maurice J Huizing, Giulia Vizzari, František Bartoš, Giacomo Cavallaro, Maria L Gianni, Eduardo Villamor

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Maurice J HuizingDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, MosaKids Children's Hospital, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Reproduction (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Giulia VizzariFondazione IRCCS ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, NICU, Milan, Italy.
František BartošDepartment of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0018-5573
Giacomo CavallaroFondazione IRCCS ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, NICU, Milan, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-1437
Maria L GianniFondazione IRCCS ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, NICU, Milan, Italy.
Eduardo VillamorDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, MosaKids Children's Hospital, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Reproduction (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1949-9123

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimHuman milk-based fortifiers (HMBFs) have been adopted in neonatal care despite limited efficacy data. Our objective was to conduct a Bayesian re-analysis of the current evidence on the protective effect of HMBF against necrotising enterocolitis (NEC, stage II-III).

methodsWe searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing HMBF versus bovine milk-based fortifier (BMBF) in infants with gestational age < 32 weeks or birthweight < 1500 g. Bayesian model-averaged (BMA) meta-analysis was used to calculate Bayes factors (BFs). The BF

resultsWe included 3 RCTs (405 infants). The BMA analysis did not show conclusive evidence in favour of H

conclusionsThe extant corpus of RCTs does not provide sufficient evidence to either confirm or exclude a potential effect of HMBF compared with BMBF on the risk of NEC, mortality, sepsis, BPD, or severe ROP.

Indexed as

Enterocolitis, NecrotizingFood, FortifiedMilk, HumanBayes TheoremHumansInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicBayesian statisticsfortifierhuman milkmeta‐analysisnecrotising enterocolitispreterm infant

Identifiers

PMID40729426
PMCPMC12599611

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.