ArticlePloS one2025
The association between remnant cholesterol and the risk of osteoporotic vertebral fracture in older adults.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSerum lipid levels have been shown to influence bone mineral density. Additionally, a limited number of studies have suggested that remnant cholesterol (RC) may be linked to the risk of osteoporosis. However, the relationship between RC and fracture risk remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between RC levels and the risk of vertebral fractures in a longitudinal cohort.
methodsA total of 1995 participants aged 50 years or older who underwent chest computed tomography (CT) scans for lung cancer screening between July 2016 and December 2019 were included in this study. Follow-up continued until June 2023. The concentration of RC was calculated via the following formula: total cholesterol minus the sum of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The RC-to-cholesterol ratio was also determined. The participants were divided into low and high groups for RC, and the RC-to-cholesterol ratio was based on the median values. Vertebral fractures were assessed via the Genant semiquantitative classification system on CT-reconstructed sagittal images.
resultsDuring a median follow-up period of 60 months, 95 new vertebral fractures were recorded. The incidence of fractures was significantly greater among participants with low RC levels than among those with high RC levels (6.4% vs. 3.1%, P < 0.01). A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model indicated that individuals with high RC levels had a 41% lower risk of vertebral fractures than those with low RC levels did (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24--0.93). Similar findings were observed for the RC-to-cholesterol ratio (aHR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.21-0.79). Restricted cubic spline analysis further demonstrated that the risk of vertebral fractures decreased as the RC level and the RC-to-cholesterol ratio increased. Subgroup analysis revealed that the association between RC and fracture risk was mainly observed in women.
conclusionHigher levels of remnant cholesterol and a higher RC-to-cholesterol ratio were associated with a reduced risk of vertebral fractures, particularly in women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.