ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Long-Term Course of Depression After Stroke and Risk Factors for Symptoms With Poor Progression: A Population-Based Study.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Defined Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden and Longitudinal Neuropsychiatric and Functional Recovery After Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study.Neurology international · 2026Article
- Predictive factors for remission in post-stroke depression: A Markov model cohort study.iScience · 2026Article
- NLRP3-Mediated Neuroinflammation Participates in Resilience to PSD in C57BL/6 Mice.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with post-stroke depression: a cross-sectional analysis of a prospectively assembled cohort in Eastern Saudi Arabia.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Person-Centered Approaches for Identifying Subgroups of Post-Stroke Depression: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.Patient preference and adherence · 2026Review
- Research advances on the pathogenesis and clinical interventions of post-stroke depression.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundData on the long-term poststroke depression trajectories and their determinants are limited. This study aims to estimate the 5-year course of poststroke depression and identify risk factors for recurrent and persistent depression.
methodsData were from the South London Stroke Register (1997-2022). Depression was defined as a subscale score >7 on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at 3 months and annually up to 5 years. Participants with >2 assessments of depression were included. Multinomial logistic regression examined associations between baseline factors, changes in function, and recurrent or persistent depression.
resultsThe analysis comprised 1724 participants (mean age, 65.5 years; men, 55.9%, White race, 65.2%). Of these, 1067 (61.9%) were not depressed at any time point. Among those with depression at some time point, 125 (19.0%) had transient depression, 231 (35.2%) had recurrent depression, and 301 (45.8%) had persistent depression. Patients with moderate to severe stroke (adjusted odds ratio, 1.81 [95% CI, 1.25-2.61]) or physical disability (adjusted odds ratio, 1.59 [95% CI, 1.12-2.26]) were more likely to develop recurrent depression, while patients with cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio, 2.09 [95% CI, 1.44-3.05]) or prestroke depression (adjusted odds ratio, 2.67 [95% CI, 1.60-4.47]) were at increased likelihood of having persistent depression. Patients exhibiting a decline in physical ability at 3 months were more likely to experience depression with poor progression (recurrent or persistent depression), independent of the initial severity of physical disability.
conclusionsRecurrent depression was associated with moderate to severe stroke or disability, whereas persistent depression was linked to prestroke depression or cognitive impairment. Progressive worsening disability was associated with recurrent or persistent depression, regardless of initial severity.
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