ArticleThe Pan African medical journal2025
Epidemiological surveillance of tuberculosis-HIV co-infection and genotypic strains of the
Article in The Pan African medical journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: the comorbidity of infectious diseases is a real public health challenge in Chad. The main objective of this study is to determine the prevalence rate of HIV/TB co-infection among patients of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Référence Nationale (CHU-RN), as well as the frequency of circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBc) genotypic strains within the institution. Methods: a cross-sectional analytical and prospective study was conducted from January to November 2024 in four departments of the CHU-RN in N'Djamena. Patient samples were collected, decontaminated, and analyzed using techniques such as the GeneXpert MTB/RIF test, MGIT culture, and spoligotyping. Results: one hundred and fifty-six (156) patients were included, with a majority of men at 65% and an average age of 38.28 years. Approximately 69.2% of the samples were positive for MTBc and the TB/HIV co-infection rate was 7.4%. The MTBc Cameroon strain was the most represented, with 43%, followed by the CAS-Delhi strain at 29%. Among the strains found at the CHU-RN, two lineages were revealed: L3 and L4. Rifampicin resistance of MTBc was 13%. Conclusion: the identification of MTBc genotypic strains shows high genetic diversity with a predominance of certain strains involved in co-infection with HIV at the CHU-RN. Targeted intervention is necessary to control the transmission of tuberculosis.
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