ArticleThe Pan African medical journal2025
High proportion of hepatitis B virus-infected patients at a mild stage of disease progression: a cross-sectional study in a single reference laboratory in Cameroon.
Article in The Pan African medical journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: hepatitis B causes significant suffering owing to acute and chronic infection leading to complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Chronic Hepatitis B infection can be identified by the simultaneous use of virological, serological and biochemical markers involved in monitoring the progression of the disease. In Africa, only 1% of people infected are screened, and few benefit from antiviral treatment. This study aimed to determine the relationship between serological, biochemical and virological markers involved in the follow-up of patients with chronic viral hepatitis B virus infection at the Centre Pasteur du Cameroun. Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional study of patients' electronic records registered in the Laboratory Information System of the Centre Pasteur du Cameroun from 2011 to 2021. HBs antigen-positive patients with viral load, HBe antigen and liver transaminases assays were included. Chronic HBV infection phases were classified in 5 phases according to EASL which are: Phase 1: HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infection, Phase 2: HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B, Phase 3: HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection, Phase 4: HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B, Phase 5: HBsAg-negative phase. Results: we registered 1652 patients, 43.9% females and 56.1% males. The median age of women and men was 31 [>25;38] years and 33 [6;40] years respectively. The transaminase levels were normal in the most patients (65.5% for ALT and 76.2% for AST), low Hepatitis B viral load (<2000 IU/mL) in 68.5% of cases and 90.1% were negative for HBe antigen. Regarding viral Hepatitis B stage, 3.4%, 6.5% and 28.1% were in stage 1,2 and 4 respectively. Most (62.0%) fell in stage 3 representing the mild HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection. Conclusion: our results show that a high proportion of HBV-infected patients referred at Centre Pasteur du Cameroun are at a mild stage of disease progression.
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