Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40727393›Full record

ReviewBiomaterial investigations in dentistry2025

Effect of storage medium of extracted human teeth on the result of in vitro studies - a scoping review.

Muhammad Sadiq Billoo, Muhammad Ahsan Kaleem Khan, Taimur Khalid, Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomaterial investigations in dentistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Muhammad Sadiq BillooDepartment of Dentistry and Oral Health Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Muhammad Ahsan Kaleem KhanDepartment of Dentistry and Oral Health Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Taimur KhalidDepartment of Dentistry and Oral Health Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7372-7556
Syed Murtaza Raza KazmiDepartment of Dentistry and Oral Health Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6934-6945

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: This scoping review aimed to investigate how different storage media of extracted human teeth before and after preparation of specimens influence the outcomes of various dental materials intended for clinical application. Materials and methods: Literature search in four databases and by manual searching was carried out on a predefined PIO as follows: Results: After screening 110 studies, 11 were included in the scoping review. Eight studies examined storage media effects before specimen preparation and three after specimen preparation. Four studies focused on enamel bonding, six on dentine, and one both on enamel and dentine. Concerning storage of extracted teeth prior to specimen preparation, cryopreservation, Chloramine T and thymol had no negative effect on bond strength to enamel. One study found Chloramine T to increase microleakage at enamel margins whereas another study found no negative effect. Storage in formalin, ethanol and thymol also had no negative effect on microleakage at enamel margins. Cryopreservation decreased bond strength to coronal dentine, but not to mid-coronal or deep dentine. Formalin, Chloramine T, ethanol and thymol had no negative effect on bond strength to dentine nor on microleakage at dentine margins. However, one study found long-term storage in Chloramine T to increase microleakage at dentine margins. Concerning storage of extracted teeth after specimen preparation, thymol significantly lowered bond strength to enamel, whereas formalin had no negative effect. Sodium hypochlorite had no negative effect on bond strength to dentine, and finally, formalin, Chloramine T, ethanol, and thymol had no negative effect on microleakage at dentine margins. Risk of bias assessment showed one high quality study, while the remaining 10 had questionable quality. Conclusions: The effects of storage media on in-vitro dental material testing are variable and substrate-dependent, with dentine showing greater susceptibility than enamel. While distilled water and cryopreservation showed relative stability, other media like thymol and Chloramine T produced inconsistent results. Standardized protocols and further research are needed to ensure reliable and comparable outcomes.

Indexed as

bond strengthcompositemicroleakagemicromechanical propertiesresinsStorage media

Identifiers

PMID40727393
PMCPMC12302608

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.