Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40726540›Full record

ArticleTribology letters2025

The Surface-Topography Challenge: A Multi-Laboratory Benchmark Study to Advance the Characterization of Topography.

A Pradhan, M H Müser, N Miller, J P Abdelnabe, L Afferrante, D Albertini, D A Aldave, L Algieri, N Ali, A Almqvist and 143 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tribology letters, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Article
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

153 authors.

A PradhanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
M H MüserDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Campus C6 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
N MillerDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
J P AbdelnabeIFISUR, Universidad Nacional del Sur/CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, CP 8000 Argentina.
L AfferranteDepartment of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125 Italy.
D AlbertiniCNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, INL, UMR 5270, Bldg I. Joliot Curie, 1 rue Enrico Fermi, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
D A AldaveDepartamento de Fí-sica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
L AlgieriDepartment of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Centro Ecotekne Pal. O - S.P. 6, 73100 Monteroni-Lecce, Italy.
N AliDepartment of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
A AlmqvistDivision of Machine Elements, Department of Engineering Science and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.
T AmannFraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM, Tribology, Wöhlerstr. 11, 79108 Freiburg, Germany.
P AresDepartamento de Fí-sica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
B N BalzerDepartment of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
L BaughDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, 354 War Eagle Way, Wiggins Hall, AL Auburn, 36849 USA.
E A BerberichDepartment of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Miami University, 650 E High St, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
M BjörlingDivision of Machine Elements, Department of Engineering Science and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.
M S BobjiMechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C V Raman Ave, Bengaluru, 560012 India.
F BottiglioneDepartment of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125 Italy.
B BrodmannOptoSurf GmbH, Nobelstr. 9-13, 76275 Ettlingen, Germany.
W CaiSchool of Food Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process (Ministry of Education), Hefei University of Technology, Tunxi Road. 193, 230009 Hefei, Anhui Province China.
G CarboneDepartment of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125 Italy.
R W CarpickMechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 S. 33rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6315 USA.
F CassinDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
J Cayer-BarriozLTDS, CNRS UMR5513, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, 69130 Ecully, France.
M I ChowdhuryDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, 5 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
M CiavarellaDepartment of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125 Italy.
E CihanInstitute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center for Biomaterials, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
D HuangSaint-Gobain Omniseal Solutions, Heiveldekens 22, 2550 Kontich, Belgium.
E DelplanqueLTDS, CNRS UMR5513, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, 69130 Ecully, France.
A J DeptulaDepartment of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
S DescartesLaMCoS, UMR 5259, INSA Lyon, CNRS, Bldg S. Germain, 27bis Ave. Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne, France.
A DhinojwalaSchool of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, 170 University Ave, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
M DienwiebelMikrotribologie Centrum µTC, Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM, Rintheimer Querallee 2b, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
D DiniDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Exhibition Road, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ United Kingdom.
A C DunnDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, 1064 Center Drive, Building NEB Room 181, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
C EdwardsWalker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 204 E. Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712-1591 USA.
M EritenDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1513 University Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
A EsawiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo, 11835 Egypt.
R M Espinosa-MarzalDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
L FangMechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 S. 33rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6315 USA.
A FatemiRobert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Campus 1, Renningen, 71272 Germany.
C FiddFAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Mech. Eng. Dept, 2003 Levy Ave, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.
D GabrielCurrenta GmbH & Co. OHG, Surface and Solid-State Analytics, CHEMPARK Leverkusen, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany.
F GaslainCentre des matériaux, MINES Paris - PSL, CNRS UMR 7633, 21 allée des Marronniers, 78000 Versailles, France.
G GiordanoDepartment of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125 Italy.
J Gómez-HerreroDepartamento de Fí-sica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
L GontardBD Medical-Pharmaceutical Systems, 11 Rue Aristide-Verges, 38801 Le Pont de Claix, France.
N N GosvamiDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi Delhi, 110016 India.
G GreenwoodDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
C GreinerInstitute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
T GrejtakMaterials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
A HarounDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo, 11835 Egypt.
M HasanDivision of Machine Elements, Department of Engineering Science and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.
S HoppeCurrenta GmbH & Co. OHG, Surface and Solid-State Analytics, CHEMPARK Leverkusen, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany.
L IsaDepartment of Materials, ETH Zürich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
R L JacksonDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, 354 War Eagle Way, Wiggins Hall, AL Auburn, 36849 USA.
S JangDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA.
O JohnsonWalker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 204 E. Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712-1591 USA.
F KaiserTribology Department, Freudenberg Technology Innovation SE & Co.KG, Höhnerweg 2-4, 69469 Weinheim, Germany.
M KalinLaboratory for Tribology and Interface Nanotechnology (TINT), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerceva cesta 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
K KalliorinneDivision of Machine Elements, Department of Engineering Science and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.
P H KaranjkarSchool of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, 170 University Ave, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
S H KimDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA.
S KinzelbergerMikrotribologie Centrum µTC, Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM, Rintheimer Querallee 2b, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
P KlapetekCzech Metrology Institute, Okružní- 31, 63800 Brno, Czech Republic.
B A KrickFAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Mech. Eng. Dept, 2003 Levy Ave, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.
C KumarMaterials and Manufacturing Research Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ United Kingdom.
N KumarScience and Technology Division, Corning Incorporated, 184 Science Center Dr, Painted Post, NY 14870 USA.
S KumarSchool of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, 170 University Ave, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
P LaMascusMechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 S. 33rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6315 USA.
R LarssonDivision of Machine Elements, Department of Engineering Science and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.
P LauxFraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Georges-Köhler-Allee 301, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
M J LeeDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
P M LeeSouthwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Rd, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA.
W LeeDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1513 University Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
C LericheAdvanced Research Center for NanoLithography, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 106, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J LiDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Y LiInstitute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Y-S LiDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA.
T A LubrechtLaMCoS, UMR 5259, INSA Lyon, CNRS, Bldg S. Germain, 27bis Ave. Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne, France.
I A LyashenkoDepartment of System Dynamics and Friction Physics, Institute of Mechanics, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
C MaDepartment of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road 96, 230226 Hefei, Anhui Province China.
T MaState Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, No.1, Section 4, Chengfu Road, 100084 Beijing Haidian District, China.
F MaaboudallahDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Bd de l'Université, QC Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 Canada.
S MahmoodDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, 311 W Magnolia Ave, Gavin Research Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
F MangoliniWalker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 204 E. Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712-1591 USA.
M MarianDepartment of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, 6904411 Chile.
D MazuyerLTDS, CNRS UMR5513, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, 69130 Ecully, France.
Y MengState Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, No.1, Section 4, Chengfu Road, 100084 Beijing Haidian District, China.
N MengaDepartment of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125 Italy.
T MillerCharacterization Department, Freudenberg Technology Innovation SE & Co.KG, Höhnerweg 2-4, 69469 Weinheim, Germany.
D M MulvihillMaterials and Manufacturing Research Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ United Kingdom.
M NajahDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Bd de l'Université, QC Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 Canada.
D NečasCEITEC, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic.
C I PapadopoulosSchool of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, 15710 Zografos, Greece.
A PapangeloDepartment of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125 Italy.
M PauliPolytec GmbH, Polytecplatz 1-7, 76337 Waldbronn, Germany.
B N J PerssonPeter Grünberg Institute (PGI-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
A PetersonDepartment of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Ave., Ball 213, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
A A PitenisMaterials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
P PodsiadloTribology Laboratory, School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845 Australia.
M PolajnarLaboratory for Tribology and Interface Nanotechnology (TINT), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerceva cesta 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
V L PopovDepartment of System Dynamics and Friction Physics, Institute of Mechanics, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
T PožarLaboratory for Tribology and Interface Nanotechnology (TINT), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerceva cesta 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
A PrasadDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
G PrietoIFISUR, Universidad Nacional del Sur/CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, CP 8000 Argentina.
C PutignanoDepartment of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125 Italy.
M H RahmanDepartment of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
S B RamisettiIndependent Researcher, Chennai, TN 600041 India.
S RaumelInstitute for Micro Production Technology, Leibniz University Hanover, An der Universität 2, 30823 Garbsen, Germany.
I J ReyesSouthwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Rd, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA.
N RodriguezBD Medical-Pharmaceutical Systems, 1 Becton Drive, Franklin Lakes, NY 07417 USA.
M Rodríguez RipollAC2T research GmbH, Viktor-Kaplan-Strasse 2/C, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria.
H RojaczAC2T research GmbH, Viktor-Kaplan-Strasse 2/C, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria.
P SainsotLaMCoS, UMR 5259, INSA Lyon, CNRS, Bldg S. Germain, 27bis Ave. Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne, France.
A SamodurovaLaboratory for Tribology and Interface Nanotechnology (TINT), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerceva cesta 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
D SavioTribology Department, Freudenberg Technology Innovation SE & Co.KG, Höhnerweg 2-4, 69469 Weinheim, Germany.
M ScaraggiDepartment of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Centro Ecotekne Pal. O - S.P. 6, 73100 Monteroni-Lecce, Italy.
F SchaeferDepartment of Material Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Campus D2 3 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
S W ScherrerDepartment of Materials, ETH Zürich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
K D SchulzeDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, 354 War Eagle Way, Wiggins Hall, AL Auburn, 36849 USA.
K E ShafferMaterials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
M A SidebottomDepartment of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Miami University, 650 E High St, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
D SkaltsasSchool of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, 15710 Zografos, Greece.
J SoniDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi Delhi, 110016 India.
C SpiesRobert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Campus 1, Renningen, 71272 Germany.
G W StachowiakTribology Laboratory, School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845 Australia.
L SteinhoffInstitute for Micro Production Technology, Leibniz University Hanover, An der Universität 2, 30823 Garbsen, Germany.
N C StrandwitzDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, 5 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
K SunDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
S TripathiDepartment of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 40 University Ave., ETIC 215, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
W R TuckartIFISUR, Universidad Nacional del Sur/CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, CP 8000 Argentina.
S UgarMechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C V Raman Ave, Bengaluru, 560012 India.
M ValtrCzech Metrology Institute, Okružní- 31, 63800 Brno, Czech Republic.
K E Van MeterFAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Mech. Eng. Dept, 2003 Levy Ave, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.
J VdovakRobert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Campus 1, Renningen, 71272 Germany.
J G VilhenaMaterials Science Institute of Madrid ICMM-CSIC, C/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
G ViolanoDepartment of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125 Italy.
G VorlauferAC2T research GmbH, Viktor-Kaplan-Strasse 2/C, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria.
M WalczakDepartment of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, 6904411 Chile.
B WeberAdvanced Research Center for NanoLithography, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 106, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
T WoloszynskiTribology Laboratory, School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845 Australia.
M WolskiTribology Laboratory, School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845 Australia.
A YadavCSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujrat 364002 India.
V A YastrebovCentre des matériaux, MINES Paris - PSL, CNRS UMR 7633, 21 allée des Marronniers, 78000 Versailles, France.
M YongjianDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
L YuanMechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 S. 33rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6315 USA.
J YusCarl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology & Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 1206 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
J ZhangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Exhibition Road, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ United Kingdom.
X ZhangDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Q ZhengDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
L PastewkaCluster of Excellence livMatS, Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
T D B JacobsDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Surface performance is critically influenced by topography in virtually all real-world applications. The current standard practice is to describe topography using one of a few industry-standard parameters. The most commonly reported number is Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11249-025-02014-y.

Indexed as

ChallengeMulti-scale topographyOpen ScienceRoughness metricsSurface topography

Identifiers

PMID40726540
PMCPMC12296861

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