Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40726078›Full record

ArticleOncoimmunology2025

Characteristics and significance of γδ T cells in colorectal cancer.

Henna Karjalainen, Jouni Härkönen, Päivi Sirniö, Hanna Elomaa, Ville K Äijälä, Meeri Kastinen, Vilja V Tapiainen, Sara A Väyrynen, Maarit Ahtiainen, Olli Helminen and 11 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Oncoimmunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. γδ T cells and cancer.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026
    Review
  2. γδ T cells in colorectal and liver cancer.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Henna KarjalainenTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Jouni HärkönenDepartment of Pathology, Hospital Nova of Central Finland, Well Being Services County of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Päivi SirniöTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Hanna ElomaaResearch Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Ville K ÄijäläTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Meeri KastinenTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Vilja V TapiainenTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Sara A VäyrynenDepartment of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Maarit AhtiainenDepartment of Pathology, Hospital Nova of Central Finland, Well Being Services County of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Olli HelminenTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Erkki-Ville WirtaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
Jukka RintalaTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Sanna MeriläinenTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Juha SaarnioTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Tero RautioTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Toni T SeppäläFaculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland.
Jan BöhmDepartment of Pathology, Hospital Nova of Central Finland, Well Being Services County of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Jukka-Pekka MecklinDepartment of Education and Research, Well Being Services County of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Anne TuomistoTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Markus J MäkinenTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Juha P VäyrynenTranslational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-8683-2996

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gamma-delta T cells are a subset of T cells that have features of both innate and adaptive immunity. Their role in cancer remains controversial, since both anti- and protumor functions have been reported. We aimed to shed light on the distinct characteristics of γδ T cells in colorectal cancer (CRC). In two independent cohorts, including 1 687 CRC patients, we identified γδ and αβ T cells with multiplex immunohistochemistry to evaluate their prognostic significance. To further analyze the characteristics of γδ T cells, we utilized single-cell RNA sequencing data of 62 CRC patients. High γδ T cell densities were associated with prolonged survival in both cohorts, and this association was independent of other tumor and patient characteristics in Cohort 1, where the multivariable HR for high (vs. low) γδ T cell density was 0.65 (95% CI 0.47-0.90), while the corresponding HR in Cohort 2 was 0.82 (0.50-1.33). αβ T cells demonstrated a stronger association with longer survival that was independent of other prognostic factors in both cohorts. γδ T cells were enriched in mismatch repair (MMR) deficient and

Indexed as

Colorectal NeoplasmsIntraepithelial LymphocytesReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-deltaAgedBiomarkers, TumorFemaleHumansLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisBiomarkers, TumorReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-deltaAlpha-beta T cellantigen presentationcolorectal cancergamma-delta T cellprognosis

Identifiers

PMID40726078
PMCPMC12309541

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.