ReviewHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Exploring the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Smart Healthcare: A Capability and Function-Oriented Review.
Review in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Healthcare Capabilities: A Systematic Review and Research Directions.F1000Research · 2025Pooled it
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Practice: Validation, Fairness, and Regulatory Challenges: A Systematic Review.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingPooled it
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- Added Technology for Weight Management in Cardiac Rehabilitation: Biopsychosocial Factors and Rehabilitees' Talk in a Mixed Method Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Trial
- Artificial intelligence-driven discovery of coumarin-based therapeutics: Revolutionizing target identification and validation.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2026Review
- Comparison of Two AI Chatbots for Diagnosis and Providing Treatment Suggestions in Retinopathy of Prematurity: Retrospective Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Factors Shaping Trust and Satisfaction With AI Medical Chatbots: A Mixed Methods Vignette Survey of Caregivers Seeking Guidance on Pediatric Infectious Diseases.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Applications of Large Language Models in Ovarian Cancer Management: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- AI Meets Attitudes: Cross-Sectional Quantitative Study of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Alaska's Diverse Communities.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Early Immunological Biomarkers for Personalized Treatment Selection in Severe COVID-19: Post Hoc Machine Learning Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Article
- Article
- Neuropsychological Mechanisms Associated with the Effectiveness of AI-Delivered Health Promotion Programs: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Embodied Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: A Systematic Review of Robotic Perception, Decision-Making, and Clinical Impact.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Emergency Department Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality in Suspected Pulmonary Embolism: An Explainable Machine Learning Approach.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Generative AI in perioperative medicine and anesthesiology: ethical integration, educational innovation, and the future of clinical professionalism.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Review
- Aegis: a transformer-based deep learning framework for the accurate identification of anticancer peptides.BMC biology · 2026Article
- Federated Learning in Healthcare Ethics: A Systematic Review of Privacy-Preserving and Equitable Medical AI.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Role of Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy (NVC) in Evaluating Ocular Diseases: Insights into Retinal, Choroidal, and Optic Nerve Pathologies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Clinically Aware Learning: Ordinal Loss Improves Medical Image Classifiers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- WiraChain: a blockchain and FHIR-based platform for improving clinical data interoperability in healthcare.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming smart healthcare by enhancing diagnostic precision, automating clinical workflows, and enabling personalized treatment strategies. This review explores the current landscape of AI in healthcare from two key perspectives: capability types (e.g., Narrow AI and AGI) and functional architectures (e.g., Limited Memory and Theory of Mind). Based on capabilities, most AI systems today are categorized as Narrow AI, performing specific tasks such as medical image analysis and risk prediction with high accuracy. More advanced forms like General Artificial Intelligence (AGI) and Superintelligent AI remain theoretical but hold transformative potential. From a functional standpoint, Limited Memory AI dominates clinical applications by learning from historical patient data to inform decision-making. Reactive systems are used in rule-based alerts, while Theory of Mind (ToM) and Self-Aware AI remain conceptual stages for future development. This dual perspective provides a comprehensive framework to assess the maturity, impact, and future direction of AI in healthcare. It also highlights the need for ethical design, transparency, and regulation as AI systems grow more complex and autonomous, by incorporating cross-domain AI insights. Moreover, we evaluate the viability of developing AGI in regionally specific legal and regulatory frameworks, using South Korea as a case study to emphasize the limitations imposed by infrastructural preparedness and medical data governance regulations.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.