Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40724229›Full record

ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2025

The Effects of a Cultivar and Silicon Treatments on Grain Parameters and Bioactive Compound Content in Organic Spring Wheat.

Iwona Kowalska, Mariusz Kowalczyk, Jarosław Mołdoch, Sylwia Pawelec, Paweł Radzikowski, Beata Feledyn-Szewczyk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Iwona KowalskaDepartment of Phytochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich Str. 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-4196-926X
Mariusz KowalczykDepartment of Phytochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich Str. 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-7454-4762
Jarosław MołdochDepartment of Phytochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich Str. 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8844-3986
Sylwia PawelecDepartment of Phytochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich Str. 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-9191-6836
Paweł RadzikowskiDepartment of Agroecology and Economics, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich Str. 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-8069-8696
Beata Feledyn-SzewczykDepartment of Agroecology and Economics, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich Str. 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-2912-1909

Funding

the Polish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development PJ.re.027.6.2019/2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To address the need for improved nutritional value of organically grown wheat, this study investigated the impact of silicon treatments (AdeSil, ZumSil) on yield, health status, and bioactive compound content in spring wheat cultivars. The 2019-2020 research evaluated different application variants: seed dressing, foliar sprays, and their combinations. Comprehensive seed dressing combined with two foliar treatments, (variant B) and two foliar treatments (variant C), significantly increased yield (by an average of 8.9% and 7.6% vs. control, respectively). These variants beneficially affected fungal disease resistance mainly in the stressful 2019; in optimal 2020, they showed no clear advantage over the control, which performed similarly or better. Seed dressing (variant D) increased total phenolic acids (PAs) content and antioxidant activity, with the spelt cv. Wirtas exhibiting the highest levels. Silicon treatments modified alkylresorcinols (ARs) content, but effects depended on the year, cultivar, and application variant, not always exceeding the control. Silicon treatments, especially when applied in combination (seed dressing and foliar application), can improve spring wheat yield and favorably modify PAs content, enhancing grain nutritional value. However, the plant response regarding health status and ARs content is strongly conditioned by cultivar specificity and the prevailing environmental conditions of the growing year.

Indexed as

alkylresorcinolsLC-APCI-MSphenolic acidssilicon treatmentsspring wheat grainTLC-DPPH•UPLC-DAD-MS

Identifiers

PMID40724229
PMCPMC12294375

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.