ReviewBiomedicines2025
Plantar Fasciitis Pathophysiology and the Potential Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Therapy.
Review in Biomedicines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy and Safety of Dextrose Prolotherapy Versus Corticosteroid Injections in Plantar Fasciitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2026Pooled it
- Special Issue "Feature Reviews in Mesenchymal Stem Cells".Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Superb microvascular imaging enhances detection of microvascularity in plantar fasciosis: a clinical correlation study.Skeletal radiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Arch-supports and plantar fasciitis: A prospective study incorporating patient-reported outcomes and finite element analysis.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026Article
- The effects of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy on pain and physical functions in patients with soft tissue injuries: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Plantar fasciitis is a common condition characterized by inflammation and degeneration of the plantar fascia, leading to heel pain and reduced mobility. Affecting both athletic and non-athletic populations, it is a leading cause of foot-related medical visits. Conservative treatments, including rest, physical therapy, and corticosteroid injections, provide relief for most patients, but a subset experiences persistent symptoms requiring advanced therapies. Emerging biologic treatments, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) therapy, have demonstrated potential in promoting tissue regeneration and reducing inflammation. Recently, MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have gained attention for their regenerative properties, offering a promising, cell-free therapeutic approach. EVs mediate tissue repair through immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory signaling, and extracellular matrix stabilization. Preclinical studies suggest that EV therapy may improve tendon and ligament healing by promoting M2 macrophage polarization, inhibiting excessive metalloproteinase activity, and enhancing vascular remodeling. This review explores the potential of MSC-EVs as an innovative, non-surgical treatment for plantar fasciitis, addressing their mechanisms of action and current evidence in musculoskeletal regeneration.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.