Evaluation of Computer-Aided Navigation and Augmented Reality for Bicortical Mini-Implant Placement in Maxillary Expansion: An In Vitro Study.

Giovanni Giovannini Riso, Javier Flores-Fraile, Gianmarco Perrone, Georgia Tzironi, Ana Belén Lobo Galindo, Cosimo Galletti, Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho

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In one paragraph

Article in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Bone-Screw-Force Interactions in Palatal Orthodontic Mini-Implants: A Scoping Review and Decision Framework for Primary Stability and Biomechanically Driven Site Selection.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026
Review

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Giovanni Giovannini RisoFaculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain.

Javier Flores-FraileDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-1338-0551

Gianmarco PerroneFaculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-6887-0115

Georgia TzironiDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.

Ana Belén Lobo GalindoDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.

Cosimo GallettiFaculty of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9938-4187

Álvaro Zubizarreta-MachoFaculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the computer-aided static navigation technique (NAV), augmented reality (AR) and freehand placement technique (FHT) for the bicortical orthodontic self-drilling mini-implants for maxillary skeletal expansion (MSE) appliances placed in palate.

Indexed as

augmented realitycomputer-aided navigationmaxillary expansionmaxillary skeletal expansionmini-implantsorthodonticspalatal expansion

Identifiers

PMID40722397

DOI10.3390/bioengineering12070703

PMCPMC12293002

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.