Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40721916›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutical research2025

Dual-modified Liposomes Encapsulating Nucleic Acids (pApoE2 or pGFP) for Transport Studies Across a Hydrocortisone-enhanced In Vitro Blood-brain Barrier Model for CNS Therapeutic Screening.

Chinenye Edith Muolokwu, Avinash Gothwal, Takahisa Kanekiyo, Jagdish Singh

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Chinenye Edith MuolokwuDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Human Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA.
Avinash GothwalDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Human Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA.
Takahisa KanekiyoDepartment of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
Jagdish SinghDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Human Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA. jagdish.singh@ndsu.edu.

Funding

Therapeutic Strategy to Treat Alzheimer's Disease by VGF Delivery into BrainR01AG083981 · NIA · NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Takahisa Kanekiyo, Jagdish Singh · 2023 to 2026
$2.4M
Enhanced APOE2 Expression into Brain for Therapeutic Strategy for Alzheimer's DiseaseRF1AG068034 · NIA · NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI KANEKIYO, TAKAHISA, SINGH, JAGDISH · 2021 to 2022
$1.6M
NIH HHS R01 AG068034-02NIH HHS R01 AG083981NIH HHS RF1 AG068034NIH HHS RF1 AG068034-01S1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe study assessed dual-modified liposomes for delivering pApoE2 and pGFP across an in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model supplemented with hydrocortisone (HC), evaluating their transfection efficiency in neuronal cells across the BBB and the impact of hydrocortisone on BBB integrity.

methodsAn in vitro BBB model was developed using brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3) co-cultured with primary astrocytes in a transwell system. Hydrocortisone's effect on BBB integrity was assessed via transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), permeability and transport studies. Liposomes, modified with cell-penetrating peptide-RDP and Transferrin, encapsulating pApoE2 or pGFP-chitosan polyplex, were evaluated for neuronal cell transfection after crossing the BBB.

resultsThe BBB models supplemented with 150 nM HC showed a significant increase in TEER values compared to monolayers (p < 0.0001) and co-culture BBB models without HC supplementation (p < 0.01), indicating enhanced BBB integrity. Permeability assays demonstrated reduced sodium fluorescein translocation across the 150 nM hydrocortisone-supplemented BBB models compared to monolayers (p < 0.001) and co-culture models without HC supplementation (p < 0.05). Liposomes exhibited good characteristics and efficient encapsulation of pApoE2 or pGFP-chitosan polyplex, and successfully crossed the developed BBB model. Dual-modified liposomes (RDP-T

conclusionsHydrocortisone enhanced the BBB properties of the in vitro model, making it more representative of the in vivo BBB. Dual-modified liposomes demonstrated superior efficacy in delivering genetic materials across the BBB, providing a promising approach for therapeutic interventions in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.

Indexed as

Blood-Brain BarrierHydrocortisoneNucleic AcidsAnimalsAstrocytesBiological TransportCell LineCell-Penetrating PeptidesChitosanCoculture TechniquesEndothelial CellsHumansLiposomesMiceNeuronsPermeabilityCell-Penetrating PeptidesChitosanHydrocortisoneLiposomesNucleic AcidsTransferrinblood–brain barriergene deliveryhydrocortisonein vitro BBB modelliposomes

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.