Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40720008›Full record

ReviewMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2025

Progress and Future Directions in Exon Skipping and Inclusion Therapies: The Landscape of Oligonucleotide-Based Genetic Medicine.

Saeed Anwar, Toshifumi Yokota

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Saeed AnwarDepartment of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Toshifumi YokotaDepartment of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. toshifumi.yokota@ualberta.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Oligonucleotide (ON)-based therapies, particularly exon skipping and inclusion strategies, have revolutionized the treatment landscape for genetic and rare diseases, heralding a new era in personalized medicine. This chapter traces the evolution of ON therapeutics, from pioneering efforts in the 1970s to their resurgence as cutting-edge treatments in the twenty-first century. Highlighting seminal developments, such as the approval of splice-switching ONs like eteplirsen for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and nusinersen for Spinal Muscular Atrophy, it underscores the critical role of these therapies in advancing patient-specific treatments. Despite their promising potential, exon skipping and inclusion therapies encounter challenges related to delivery, stability, and regulatory hurdles. Commemorating the silver jubilee of the first ON therapy approval, this narrative not only celebrates the achievements but also critically examines the ongoing challenges and the imperative for sustained innovation and collaboration. The chapter aims to illuminate the path forward, emphasizing the need to harness the full promise of exon skipping and inclusion therapies in personalized genetic medicine.

Indexed as

ExonsGenetic TherapyOligonucleotidesHumansMuscular Atrophy, SpinalMuscular Dystrophy, DuchenneOligonucleotides, AntisensePrecision MedicineRNA SplicingnusinersenOligonucleotidesOligonucleotides, AntisenseDelivery challengesGene expression modulationHistorical perspectiveNucleic acidOligonucleotidePersonalized medicineRegulatory frameworks

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.