ReviewCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS2025
ISG-15, beyond its functions in the cell: a mini review.
Review in Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cell-autonomous immunity as an integrated immune network against bacterial and viral pathogens.Nature microbiology · 2026Review
- The Emerging Role of Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15 (ISG15) in Pregnancy-Related Disorders.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- cGAMP suppresses FTO expression to promote mCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- ISGylation prevents autophagic degradation of STING and promotes antitumor immunity in lung cancer.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Extracellular Lipopolysaccharide Triggers the Release of Unconjugated Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15 (ISG15) Protein from Macrophages via Type-I Interferon/Caspase-4/Gasdermin-D Pathway.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The modifier matrix: emerging roles of ubiquitin-like proteins in Alzheimer's disease.Molecular neurodegeneration advances · 2026Review
- Construction and characterization of the ORF131 gene deletion strain of lumpy skin disease virus.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Hijacking the Ubl code: bacterial manipulation of ubiquitin-like proteins.Essays in biochemistry · 2025Review
- Mapping cellular interactions and communication landscapes in cervical cancer via single-cell transcriptomics.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Regulation of antiviral and antimicrobial innate immunity and immune evasion.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is an interferon-stimulated gene and a ubiquitin-like protein, traditionally known for its role in ISGylation. In addition to its intracellular functions, recent studies have revealed a novel role for extracellular ISG15, particularly in the context of viral infections. Beyond type I interferons, various stimuli, including viral and bacterial infections, have been found to trigger its secretion. Notably, the integrin receptor LFA-1 has been identified as a receptor for extracellular ISG15. Despite these advancements, the precise mechanisms by which extracellular ISG15 functions-such as the pathways regulating its secretion and receptor interactions-remain unclear. Viral proteins and de-ISGylating enzymes are known to influence ISG15 secretion levels, thereby impacting its immunomodulatory potential. This mini-review summarizes the existing studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms behind the secretion and functions of extracellular ISG15, with a particular focus on its immunomodulatory effects during infection. We also explore the contrasting roles of extracellular ISG15 in mice and humans, highlighting the need for more species-specific research. Further investigation into the role of extracellular ISG15 may uncover novel therapeutic strategies for infectious diseases, cancer, and inflammatory conditions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.