Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40719679›Full record

ArticleScandinavian journal of public health2026

Health literacy and screen use among 13-year-old students in Norway - A cross-sectional study.

Kristin Sofie Waldum-Grevbo, Solveig Holen, Åse Sagatun

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scandinavian journal of public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kristin Sofie Waldum-GrevboCentre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0009-0000-8307-4360
Solveig HolenCentre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway.
Åse SagatunCentre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdolescence is a life phase in which future life opportunities and patterns of adult health are established. There is growing concern about excessive screen use among adolescents. Health literacy is associated with various health behaviours, but the association with screen use is scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between health literacy and diverse types of screen use among students and to identify possible gender differences.

methodsCross-sectional data was collected from a self-report survey distributed to 1425 (68.5% of those invited) 13-year-old students across 48 schools from 19 municipalities in Norway. Associations between self-reported health literacy (gathered using the Health Literacy in School Aged Children scale) and time spent on gaming, social media, TV, and total screen use were studied using linear mixed effect models.

resultsOverall, a statistically significant association between health literacy and screen use was identified: an increase in health literacy tends to be associated with a decrease in screen time. This association was stronger for girls than boys and varied with different screen activities. The health literacy mean score was statistically significantly higher for boys (30.43) than girls (29.81), but the difference was small. About 25% of the students spend seven hours or more on screens on weekdays outside school hours. Girls are more likely to use social media and boys are more occupied with gaming.

conclusions

Indexed as

Adolescent BehaviorHealth LiteracyScreen TimeStudentsTelevisionAdolescentCross-Sectional StudiesDigital MediaFemaleHumansMaleNorwaySex FactorsSocial MediaVideo GamesadolescencegenderHealth literacypublic healthschoolschool healthscreen use

Identifiers

PMID40719679
PMCPMC13356265

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.