ArticleFEMS yeast research2025
Pulcherriminic acid biosynthesis and transport: insights from a heterologous system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Article in FEMS yeast research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antagonism-driven upregulation of the pulcherriminic acid biosynthetic pathway in Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Leptosphaeria maculans interaction.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Identification and functional characterization of a novel thioredoxin MpTRX1 from Metschnikowia persimmonesis.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Yeast-secreted compounds with antifungal activity-screening, genetic parts, biosynthetic pathways, and regulation.FEMS yeast research · 2025Review
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Pulcherriminic acid is an iron chelator produced by some Kluyveromyces and Metschnikowia yeasts. Its biosynthesis is encoded by the four-gene PUL cluster, where PUL1 and PUL2 are the biosynthetic enzymes, PUL3 mediates the uptake of iron-bound pulcherrimin, and PUL4 is a putative regulator. Pulcherriminic acid holds antifungal potential, as the growth of organisms unable to uptake pulcherrimin is inhibited by deficit of essential iron. Thus, a heterologous production system to further characterize and optimize its biosynthesis would be valuable. Using our in-house yeast collection and genomes available in databases, we cloned PUL1 and PUL2 genes from Kluyveromyces lactis and one of our wild Metschnikowia isolates and built an effective production system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae able to inhibit pathogenic growth. In this context, the K. lactis genes yielded faster pulcherriminic acid production than those from the Metschnikowia isolate and a combinatorial approach showed PUL1 to be the production bottleneck. We further showed that Pul3 is an importer of pulcherrimin, but also mediates the export of pulcherriminic acid and that the growth of pathogens such as Candidozyma auris and organisms encoding PUL3 in their genome, previously called "cheaters," is inhibited by pulcherriminic acid, highlighting its potential as an antimicrobial agent.
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