Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40716146›Full record

ArticleVaccine2025

Where do children get vaccinated in the U.S.? Parental experiences, attitudes, and beliefs about place of vaccination with a focus on pharmacies and schools.

Yoonjae Kang, Fan Zhang, Tara M Vogt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yoonjae KangImmunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: wsp9@cdc.gov.
Fan ZhangImmunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Tara M VogtImmunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess parental experiences, attitudes, and beliefs about place of pediatric vaccination in the U.S. with a focus on pharmacies and schools.

methodsAn online, national survey of 2005 U.S. parents ages 18 years and older was conducted during August 17-25, 2023. Topics included 1) places their children 17 years of age and under had ever been vaccinated, 2) places parents feel comfortable taking their child for vaccination, and 3) parental attitudes, beliefs, and experiences related to vaccination of their child at a pharmacy or school. If the parent had more than one child, the survey randomly selected a reference child.

resultsThe most frequently reported place of pediatric vaccination was a doctor's office (75.8 %), clinic or health center (23.1 %), and hospital (19.1 %). A smaller proportion of parents reported getting their child vaccinated at a pharmacy (15.9 %), health department clinic (9.8 %), or school (6.6 %). Vaccination at a pharmacy was more commonly reported by parents of 12-17-year-olds (22.9 %) vs. 0-4-year-olds (5.7 %) (p-value<0.0001), those living in urban (16.3 %) vs. rural areas (11.1 %) (p-value = 0.0182), and children with private (20.0 %) vs. public (Medicaid/CHIP) health insurance (12.4 %) (p-value<0.0001). Vaccination at a school was more commonly reported by parents of 12-17-year-olds (9.0 %) vs. 0-4-year-olds (3.2 %) (p-value = 0.0002). Among parents who reported getting their child vaccinated at a pharmacy (n = 318), 92.2 % rated their overall satisfaction level 'very good' or 'good.' Among parents whose children have gotten vaccinated at school (n = 124), 83.9 % reported their overall satisfaction level to be 'very good' or 'good.'

conclusionsWhile most children receive their vaccination at a doctor's office, parents who have experience getting their child vaccinated in alternative places of vaccination, such as pharmacies and schools, reported a positive overall satisfaction level. Pharmacy and school vaccination may be acceptable, especially for older children and adolescents.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeParentsPharmaciesSchoolsVaccinationAdolescentAdultChildFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesYoung AdultAttitudes about pharmacy vaccinationAttitudes about school vaccinationParental vaccination attitudesPediatric vaccinationPlace of vaccination

Identifiers

PMID40716146
PMCPMC12321230

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.