Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40715895›Full record

ArticleDocumenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology2026

Fast ERG 15 Hz flicker protocol for assessing functional changes in the rod system.

Aleksandra Czarnek-Chudzik, Giulia Righetti, Ronja Jung, Melanie Kempf, Veronica Cuevas Villanueva, Katarzyna Nowomiejska, Robert Rejdak, Eberhart Zrenner, Katarina Stingl, Krunoslav Stingl

Abstract read
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Article in Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Aleksandra Czarnek-Chudzik *Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Ul.Chmielna 1, 20-400, Lublin, Poland. olaczarnek@poczta.fm.ORCID 0000-0001-6078-8547
Giulia Righetti *Center for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Ronja JungCenter for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Melanie KempfCenter for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Veronica Cuevas VillanuevaCenter for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Katarzyna NowomiejskaDepartment of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Ul.Chmielna 1, 20-400, Lublin, Poland.
Robert RejdakDepartment of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Ul.Chmielna 1, 20-400, Lublin, Poland.
Eberhart ZrennerInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Katarina StinglCenter for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Krunoslav StinglCenter for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo establish a clinically applicable dark-adapted 15 Hz flicker electroretinogram (ERG) for sensitive detection of functional changes in the fast and the slow retinal rod pathways.

methodsThe study consisted of two parts. In the first part, the paradigm of the previously demonstrated "null-effect" of stimulus luminance on ERG-amplitudes for 15 Hz flicker stimuli with duration of 2.5 s was reexamined. In the second part an optimized faster protocol designed for routine clinical use was tested and compared with the results from the first part and data published in the past. The 15-Hz flicker ERG protocol included 12 steps with different intensities ranging from 0.00019 scot cd.s/m

resultsThe results from the first protocol showed a U-shaped amplitude vs. luminance response curve at 15 Hz, consistent with previously published results. Using the new, shortened protocol, we also obtained similar results, but with a much shorter recording time. Based on the signal-to-noise ratio from these measurements a reliable measurement can be obtained in only 2.5 min which presents a considerable time reduction necessary to record a 15 Hz response curve in a clinical setup.

conclusionThe new protocol is suitable for integration into a daily clinical environment, offering short and well-balanced protocols to address complex retinal network interactions.

Indexed as

Dark AdaptationElectroretinographyRetinal Rod Photoreceptor CellsAdultFemaleHumansMalePhotic StimulationSignal-To-Noise RatioYoung Adult15 Hz flickerNull effectRod pathwaysScotopic ERG

Identifiers

PMID40715895
PMCPMC12948902

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.