Reviewnpj antimicrobials and resistance2025
Inter- and intra-bacterial strain diversity remains the "elephant in the (living) room".
Review in npj antimicrobials and resistance, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Contributions of plasmid p1AB5075-encoded antibiotic resistance genes to multidrug resistance ofJournal of medical microbiology · 2026Article
- Inside Enemy Lines: Adhesion, Invasion, and Intracellular Persistence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic Gram-negative bacterial pathogen responsible for severe nosocomial infections worldwide. Resistance to last-resort antibiotics causes A. baumannii to be ranked as a top priority for the research and development of new antibiotics by the WHO and an urgent threat to public health by the CDC. It is also a member of the ESKAPE group comprising the most problematic antibiotic-resistant nosocomial pathogens. Resistance towards desiccation, disinfectants, reactive oxygen species, and the host immune system helps A. baumannii thrive in hospital settings and infect individuals compromised by lines, tubes, and indwelling devices. A. baumannii displays extensive genomic heterogeneity, yet recent studies show that this level of plasticity is also prevalent in lab strains widely used to study A. baumannii biology. Successive subculturing of widely used strains and spontaneous genetic variations results in significantly altered genotypes and phenotypes, often not recognized by the scientific community. In addition, the current strain designation methods do not allow efficient communication about such differences. Even presumably identical strains from established culture collections have been found to demonstrate genetic heterogeneity. The "elephant in the (living) room" refers to the risk but also the potential of the bi-partite problem concerning the high diversity amongst A. baumannii isolates (inter-strain variability), and the universal issue of microevolution (intra-strain variability). This is generally ignored as it is not referenced adequately in scientific publications. We aim to raise awareness about the current issues and the problematic consequences generated by intra- and inter-strain diversity based on modern examples of A. baumannii isolates. Therefore, this review provides cases of broadly used A. baumannii strains and their genetic and phenotypic differences.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.