ArticleScientific reports2025
Development and psychometric test of self-advocacy scale for patients with stroke.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Self-advocacy is essential for self-management in stroke patients. However, a validated scale to assess the level of self-advocacy in this population is lacking. This study aimed to develop a self-advocacy scale for stroke patients and validate its psychometric properties. This cross-sectional study involved instrument development and psychometric testing, conducted in three stages. In stage 1, dimensions and items were generated through concept analysis, semi-structured interviews, and refined through a Delphi survey. Stage 2 focused on content and face validity assessment. Stage 3 evaluated psychometric properties. A total of 565 stroke patients participated in the items selection from August 2024 to November 2024. The self-advocacy scale was assessed through content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. The study adhered to the STROBE checklist for reporting. From an initial 40-item pool, 24 items were retained after expert consultation and item analysis. The scale demonstrated a content validity index of 0.967. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a five-factor structure, explaining 68.285% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis supported this structure with acceptable fit indices. The scale's overall Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.936, with the dimensions' Cronbach's α values ranging from 0.816 to 0.898. Split-half reliability was 0.874, and test-retest reliability was 0.885 (2-week interval). The 24-item self-advocacy scale for stroke patients demonstrated robust psychometric properties, providing a valid tool for clinical and research applications.
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