Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40714858›Full record

ArticleClinical and translational science2025

Comparative Risk of Major Bleeding With Concomitant Use of Oral Anticoagulants and Corticosteroid Bursts.

Tsung-Chieh Yao, Sheng-Mao Chang, Yi-Fen Tsai, Shuo-Ju Chiang, Hui-Ju Tsai

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and translational science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Genotoxicity of cancer therapies and the risk of secondary malignancies: toward personalized prevention.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Tsung-Chieh YaoDivision of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-5457-1402
Sheng-Mao ChangDepartment of Statistics, National Taipei University, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0003-2785-0155
Yi-Fen TsaiInstitute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.ORCID 0009-0006-3280-4128
Shuo-Ju ChiangDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-1453-5888
Hui-Ju TsaiInstitute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-5338-6117

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The choice of oral anticoagulants and oral corticosteroid (OCS) burst cotherapy may influence the risk of major bleeding; however, this risk remains poorly characterized. We aimed to quantify the comparative safety of non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) versus warfarin on major bleeding while receiving OCS burst cotherapy among patients with atrial fibrillation. A nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database. We examined associations between NOACs (edoxaban, apixaban, dabigartran, or rivaroxaban) or warfarin with OCS burst cotherapy and major bleeding. We measured the risk by estimating incidence, incidence risk ratios (IRRs), and adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) after adjusting for baseline differences using overlap weighting. In this study, among 239,693 patients receiving oral anticoagulants, 50,390 (21%) received at least one OCS burst, defined as OCS use for less than 30 days, were included. A lower risk of major bleeding related to OCS burst cotherapy with NOACs versus warfarin was noted (AHR = 0.57 [95% CI = 0.52-0.61]). The greatest incidence was observed in patients with warfarin and OCS burst cotherapy (67.30 per 1000 person-years). The incidence for patients prescribing OCS burst cotherapy with edoxaban (30.36 per 1000 person-years; IRR = 0.45 [95% CI = 0.38-0.53]), apixaban (34.93 per 1000 person-years; IRR = 0.52 [95% CI = 0.45-0.60]), dabigatran (42.47 per 1000 person-years; IRR = 0.63 [95% CI = 0.56-0.72]), and rivaroxaban (46.99 per 1000 person-years; IRR = 0.70 [95% CI = 0.63-0.77]), separately, was lower than that with warfarin. The results reveal that the incidence of major bleeding was lowest for edoxaban and highest for warfarin, with notable differences in incidence rates across NOACs among patients receiving oral anticoagulants and OCS burst cotherapy.

Indexed as

Adrenal Cortex HormonesAnticoagulantsAtrial FibrillationHemorrhageAdministration, OralAgedAged, 80 and overDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPyrazolesPyridinesPyridonesAdrenal Cortex HormonesAnticoagulantsapixabanedoxabanPyrazolesPyridinesPyridonesRivaroxabanThiazolesWarfarinatrial fibrillationmajor bleedingnon–vitamin K anticoagulantoral corticosteroidwarfarin

Identifiers

PMID40714858
PMCPMC12410366

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.