ArticleNutrition & metabolism2025
High dietary live microbe intake associated with reduced depressive symptoms in gastrointestinal disease patients: findings from a cross-sectional study.
Article in Nutrition & metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association between total dietary sugar intake and gallstones in Americans.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Linking Obesity and Depression Through the Gut-Brain Axis: The Impact of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Inflammation.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota and Live Microbe Intake in Relation to Visceral Fat Obesity: Evidence From NHANES With Vitamin D as a Mediator.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDepression and gastrointestinal disease are prevalent conditions that often coexist, significantly impacting daily life and productivity. Recent studies suggest a potential link between the intake of dietary live microbe and the alleviation of depressive symptoms. However, the relationship between live microbe consumption and depressive symptoms in patients suffering from gastrointestinal diseases remains unexplored.
methodsThis study included participants with gastrointestinal diseases from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2005 to 2018. We utilized weighted multivariate logistic regression, subgroup analyses, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses to investigate the association between live microbe consumption and depression. Additionally, the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm was implemented to develop a predictive model for depression based on individual characteristics.
resultsOf the 2,195 individuals, 472 (21.5%) exhibited depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10). Our findings indicate an inverse relationship between the live microbe intake and the incidence of depression in individuals with gastrointestinal diseases. In the most comprehensively adjusted model, patients with the highest level of microbe intake exhibited a 66.1% or 52.9% reduced risk of depressive symptoms compared to those with the minimal intake. An L-shaped dose-response relationship was observed in the RCS analysis (non-linear P = 4e-04). The XGBoost model demonstrated effective prediction capabilities for depression, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.897 (95% CI: 0.869-0.925).
conclusionsThis study provides evidence of an inverse, non-linear association between dietary live microbe and depression in individuals with gastrointestinal diseases, suggesting that higher intake levels may offer protective effects against depressive symptoms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.