ArticleScandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine2025
Interleukin-6 and its association with outcome in traumatic brain injury: a prospective cohort.
Article in Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of early interleukin-6 level with injury severity and mortality in trauma patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of critical care medicine · 2026Article
- Inflammatory blood-based biomarkers to aid in the assessment and prognostication of traumatic brain injury: a TRACK-TBI study.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Inflammatory-neurodegenerative crosstalk in pediatric severe traumatic brain injury: a multi-domain plasma proteomic study.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Genetic variation in innate immune gene expression influences mortality after traumatic brain injury in Drosophila.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- The Role of Cytokines in Traumatic Brain Injury.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Serum interleukin-6 as a neuroinflammatory biomarker across the spectrum of neurological disorders: a large-scale retrospective cohort study of 6,465 individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Modulatory Role of Arbutin on Hepatic Inflammation and Apoptosis After Mild Repetitive Traumatic Brain Injury in Experimental Rats: Involvement of NGF/TrkA and IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 Immune Signaling Crosstalk.Biochemistry research international · 2026Article
- Systemic endothelial glycocalyx shedding mediates vascular hyperpermeability after traumatic brain injury.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
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5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) continues to be a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Biomarkers for treatment and prognostication are needed for counseling and clinical management.
objectiveIn this study, we evaluated the ability of serum IL-6 to predict mortality and disability in a population whith moderate and severe TBI (msTBI).
methodsAdult patients with msTBI were included consecutively from December 2019 to August 2023. Clinical data were collected during hospital stays and functional outcome was established at 6 months using GOSE. Serum IL-6 levels were measured on day 0, day 3 and day 7 after injury.
resultsEighty-eight patients were recruited and completed 6-month follow-up. Clinical variables associated with the 6-month adverse outcome were admission GCS (OR 0.77 95% CI 0.67-0.87, p < 0.001), age (OR 1.10 95% CI 1.03-1.1, p = 0.001), Rotterdam score (OR 2.8 95% CI 1.7-5.0, p < 0.001), hospital infections (OR 4.7 95% CI 1.9-12.1, p < 0.001) and day-0 IL-6 (OR 1.1 95% CI 1.08-1.13, p < 0.001). When adjusted for age, severity of injury,and the presence of a hospital infection, day-0 IL-6 was significantly associated with the adverse outcome at 6 months (OR 1.15 95% CI 1.1-1.2, p = 0.031). Area under the curve (AUC) of 89% (95% CI 82%-96%). Calculated sensitivity and specificity were 75% and 89%, respectively, at a cut-off point of 59 pg/ml.
conclusionIn a population of msTBI, levels of serum interleukin-6 within the first 24 h after injury is an independent predictor of 6-month mortality and disability with a net benefit in clinical decision-making across relevant threshold probabilities.
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