Observational studyBMC cancer2025
Comparison of outcomes with elranatamab and real world treatments in the UK for triple class exposed relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma.
Observational study in BMC cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- T-Cell Engagers TargetingInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma initiating elranatamab: results from the ALTITUDE-1 and ALTITUDE-2 retrospective cohort studies.Future oncology (London, England) · 2026Observational
- Antibody-Drug Conjugates, T-Cell Engager Bispecific Antibodies and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for Multiple Myeloma: What's the Current Status?Targeted oncology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients with triple class exposed (TCE), relapsed and refractory (RR) multiple myeloma (MM) have limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Elranatamab, a bispecific BCMA-targeted antibody, is an investigational treatment for RRMM with demonstrated efficacy and safety in MagnetisMM-3, a single-arm, multi-centre, phase-2 study. This study aimed to characterise outcomes for real world TCE RRMM patients and to estimate the treatment effect of elranatamab compared to treatments available in routine clinical care for TCE RRMM in the NHS.
methodsA retrospective, observational, external control arm (ECA) study combining participants from a single arm, multi-centre phase 2 study, MagnetisMM-3, receiving elranatamab to compare patient characteristics and median survival using a comparator cohort of TCE RRMM patients treated with real world regimens in five UK centres between 2015 and 2023. Both naive and adjusted treatment effect estimates for progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were obtained using inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW) Cox proportional hazards models and differences in restricted mean survival time (dRMST). Quantitative bias analysis was used to assess the robustness of effect estimates to unmeasured confounding.
resultsFrom a total of 5,535 patients identified with a diagnosis of MM, 81 were identified as eligible for inclusion in the ECA. A total of 13 different regimens were recorded as being initiated from the real world RRMM at index date, the most common regimen was pomalidomide + dexamethasone (48.15%). Clinical outcomes in the ECA were poor (median PFS 3.71 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.73-4.73], median OS 11.00 months [8.02-18.10]). In unadjusted analyses the elranatamab cohort had significant improvements in PFS (dRMST 6.95 months [4.08-9.61]) and OS (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.66 [0.45-0.96]). Adjusted analyses showed similar effects for PFS (dRMST 6.45 [3.05-9.45]) but were equivocal for OS (HR 0.75 [0.46-1.26]).
conclusionThis study provides recent real world evidence of poor outcomes in TCE RRMM in the UK. PFS was longer among patients who received elranatamab compared with treatments for TCE RRMM in routine UK clinical practice.
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