SynthesisBMJ open2025
Effect of electrical stimulation on functional recovery of lower limbs in patients after anterior cruciate ligament surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- From Past to Future: Emergent Concepts of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery and Rehabilitation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to summarise the existing literature about enhancing muscle strength, lower limb function and self-reported function by electrical stimulation (ES) relative to conventional physical therapy following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), and to assess the comprehensive treatment effects of ES via meta-analysis.
designSystematic review, meta-analysis.
methodsThis study systematically searched five electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure), covering records from their inception until February 2024, adhering to a predefined search strategy. Two independent reviewers extracted and synthesised the relevant data using RevMan software (V.5.3). Due to identified heterogeneity, a random-effects model was applied for the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis calculated the effect sizes concerning lower limb function outcomes as standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% CIs. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed by the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale.
resultsA total of 15 studies involving 1583 patients (between the ages of 15 and 50 years) were included. Meta-analysis results indicated that the ES group could improve the lower limb comprehensive function compared with the control group (CG) based on four clinical tests: the muscle strength (SMD=0.55, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.95, p=0.008, I
conclusionsAdjunctive ES has the potential to enhance early-phase ACLR rehabilitation outcomes, particularly by improving muscle strength, lower limb function and self-reported function, despite the use of different ES modalities. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42024549752.
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Registered trials
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