ArticleMaternal and child health journal2025
Hospital Breastfeeding Support during the Early Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: Worsening Care for Black, Hispanic, and Asian Mothers.
Article in Maternal and child health journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesThis study examines changes in Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) key clinical practices in US hospitals during the early coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (April– December 2020) compared to before the pandemic.
methodsUsing data from PRAMS (Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System) between 2016 and 2020, we conducted linear regression analyses to calculate the percentage-point change in BFHI key clinical practices overall and by race and ethnicity.
resultsA total of 73,380 new mothers were included in our analyses. Overall, receipt of ideal breastfeeding care declined during the pandemic [(pp -1.6, 95% CI (-2.7, -0.4)]. Among racial and ethnic subgroups, declines were noted for Black non-Hispanic [pp -3.4, 95% CI (-6.0, -0.8)], English-speaking Hispanic [pp -3.2, 95% CI (-6.0, -0.4)], Spanish-speaking Hispanic [pp -3.1, 95% CI (-6.1, -0.1)], and Asian/Pacific Islander [pp -4.0, 95% CI (-7.0, -1.0)] mothers; no changes were noted for White non-Hispanic, American Indian/Alaskan Native non-Hispanic, or Mixed Race non-Hispanic respondents. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE: The COVID-19 pandemic decreased receipt of the BFHI key clinical practices and exacerbated disparities in evidence-based breastfeeding care for Black non-Hispanic, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander non-Hispanic mothers. Future research is needed to determine if breastfeeding care has returned to pre-pandemic levels and, if not, to develop strategies to improve breastfeeding care for those most affected by the pandemic.
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