Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40711419›Full record

ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2025

QIIME2 enhances multi-amplicon sequencing data analysis: a standardized and validated open-source pipeline for comprehensive 16S rRNA gene profiling.

Armando G Licata, Marica Zoppi, Chiara Dossena, Federico Rossignoli, Davide Rizzo, Manuela Marra, Giorgio Gargari, Giacomo Mantegazza, Simone Guglielmetti, Luca Bergamaschi and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A QIIME2-based workflow for multi-amplicon 16S rRNA profiling.Microbiology resource announcements · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  6. The role ofFrontiers in oral health · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Armando G LicataIntegrated Biology of Rare Tumors, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5785-5163
Marica ZoppiIntegrated Biology of Rare Tumors, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Chiara DossenaIntegrated Biology of Rare Tumors, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Federico RossignoliIntegrated Biology of Rare Tumors, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Davide RizzoIntegrated Biology of Rare Tumors, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Manuela MarraNGS Unit-Core Facilities Technical-Scientific Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Giorgio GargariDepartment of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Giacomo MantegazzaDepartment of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Simone GuglielmettiµbEat Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences (BtBs), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8673-8190
Luca BergamaschiPediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Olga NigroPediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Stefano ChiaravalliPediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Maura MassiminoPediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Loris De CeccoIntegrated Biology of Rare Tumors, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7066-473X

Funding

Bain Capital Children's Fund EuropeItalian Ministry of Health/Regione Lombardia ID NET-2019-12371188
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multi-amplicon sequencing is a cost-effective method for profiling multiple regions of the 16S rRNA gene, offering a more comprehensive view of microbial diversity. However, implementing such pipelines on open-source platforms (e.g., QIIME2) is often hindered by limited documentation and lack of validation against established tools. This lack of standardization poses challenges for researchers, particularly in clinical and experimental settings. This study aims to: (i) develop and benchmark a standardized, open-source QIIME2- and R-based pipeline for 16S rRNA gene profiling using semiconductor-based sequencing, comparing it with a commercial, closed-source software; and (ii) validate its effectiveness in a pediatric cancer cohort to examine parental influence on the microbiome and child-caregiver microbial relationships. We generated 16S rRNA profiles from 5 mock communities and 12 child-caregiver fecal sample pairs. Benchmarking against commercial software showed that the multi-region (V2-9) approach produced microbial profiles nearly identical to proprietary outputs, with higher sequencing depth and improved taxonomic resolution compared to single-region analyses. Both approaches demonstrated similar microbial richness, accurate mock community reconstruction, and high reproducibility (

Indexed as

BacteriaComputational BiologyHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingRNA, Ribosomal, 16SChildFecesGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHumansMicrobiotaReproducibility of ResultsSequence Analysis, DNASoftwareRNA, Ribosomal, 16S16S metagenomicsmock communitypediatric tumorsQIIME2

Identifiers

PMID40711419
PMCPMC12403817

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.