Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40711104›Full record

ReviewSports (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Police Fitness: An International Perspective on Current and Future Challenges.

Robin Orr, Elisa F D Canetti, Suzanne Gough, Kirstin Macdonald, Joe Dulla, Robert G Lockie, J Jay Dawes, Sam D Blacker, Gemma S Milligan, Ben Schram

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Robin OrrTactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast 4226, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-8297-8288
Elisa F D CanettiTactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast 4226, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-8358-398X
Suzanne GoughTactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast 4226, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-1320-3558
Kirstin MacdonaldTactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast 4226, Australia.
Joe DullaTactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast 4226, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0317-5319
Robert G LockieCenter for Sport Performance, Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 90840, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7038-0294
J Jay DawesOklahoma State University Tactical Fitness and Nutrition Lab, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2668-8873
Sam D BlackerOccupational Performance Research Group, Institute of Applied Sciences, University of Chichester, West Sussex PO19 6PE, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-3862-3572
Gemma S MilliganSchool of Psychology, Sport and Health Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2ER, UK.
Ben SchramTactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast 4226, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-1865-0488

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Poor officer fitness can lead to decreased occupational task performance, injuries, increased absenteeism, and a variety of negative health sequalae further adding to the challenges of staffing law enforcement agencies. Optimizing the physical fitness for both serving officers and new recruits is critical as their loss is, and will increasingly be, difficult to replace. However, maintaining and recruiting a physically fit workforce faces several challenges. For serving officers, shiftwork is known to decrease motivation to exercise and negatively impact sleep and diet. Additional factors impacting their fitness includes age-related declines in fitness, increasing obesity, long periods of sedentarism, and negative COVID-19 effects. Concurrently, recruiting physically fit recruits is challenged by declining levels of fitness, reduced physical activity, and increasing obesity in community youth. Ability-based training (ABT), individualizing physical conditioning training based on the existing fitness levels of individuals within a group, offers a potential solution for delivering physical conditioning to groups of applicants, recruits, and officers with a range of physical fitness capabilities. Law enforcement agencies should consider implementing ABT during academy training and ongoing fitness maintenance to minimize injury risk and optimize task performance.

Indexed as

capabilitylaw enforcementoccupational fitnessphysical fitnessrecruitment

Identifiers

PMID40711104
PMCPMC12300783

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.