ArticleTropical medicine and infectious disease2025
Spatiotemporal Distribution of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease and the Influence of Air Pollutants and Socioeconomic Factors on Incidence in Fujian, China.
Article in Tropical medicine and infectious disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) typically exhibits spatiotemporal clustering. This study aimed to analyze the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of HFMD in Fujian Province, China, and to identify the associations of air pollutants and socioeconomic factors with the incidence.
methodsDaily reported HFMD case data, daily air pollutant data, and socioeconomic data in Fujian Province from 2014 to 2023 were collected for analysis. A descriptive analysis was used to describe the epidemiological trends of HFMD. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was applied to explore the spatiotemporal clustering characteristics. The associations between risk factors and HFMD incidence were evaluated using the generalized additive model (GAM).
resultsHFMD incidence in Fujian has decreased since 2019, and the peak in each year occurred between May and June. Distinct high-high and low-low clustering areas were identified. The cumulative exposure-response curves for SO
conclusionsHFMD incidence in Fujian exhibited distinct spatiotemporal clustering. The incidence was associated with the concentrations of air pollutants. Targeted interventions should be implemented in high-risk areas to mitigate HFMD transmission, with particular attention given to the environmental and demographic factors.
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