Developmental Exposures to Three Mammalian Teratogens Produce Dysmorphic Phenotypes in Adult

Piper Reid Hunt, Martine Ferguson, Nicholas Olejnik, Jeffrey Yourick, Robert L Sprando

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Toxics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

4citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

A robust, high-content NAM for repeatable and predictive developmental and reproductive toxicity assessment in C. elegans.Scientific reports · 2026
Article
A Robust, High-Content NAM for Repeatable and Predictive Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity Assessment in C. elegans.Research square · 2026
Article
High-Throughput Toxicity Screening withEnvironmental science & technology · 2026
Review
TheToxicology reports · 2025
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Piper Reid HuntU.S. Food and Drug Administration, Human Foods Program, Office of Chemistry and Toxicology, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0538-7606

Martine FergusonU.S. Food and Drug Administration, Human Foods Program, Office of Surveillance Strategy & Risk Prioritization, Division of Surveillance & Data Integration, College Park, MD 20740, USA.

Nicholas OlejnikU.S. Food and Drug Administration, Human Foods Program, Office of Chemistry and Toxicology, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.

Jeffrey YourickU.S. Food and Drug Administration, Human Foods Program, Office of Chemistry and Toxicology, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.

Robert L SprandoU.S. Food and Drug Administration, Human Foods Program, Office of Chemistry and Toxicology, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Efficient new methods are needed to support initiatives to reduce, refine, and/or replace toxicity testing in vertebrates. 5-fluorouracil (5FU), hydroxyurea (HU), and ribavirin (RV) are mammalian teratogens. Skeletal, endocrine organ, and cardiac effects are often associated with teratogenesis, and a simple nematode like

Indexed as

alternative toxicity test methodchemical screeningdevelopmental toxicitymorphometrysmall model organismteratogen

Identifiers

PMID40711033

DOI10.3390/toxics13070589

PMCPMC12298253

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.