Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40711024›Full record

ArticleToxics2025

Interpretable Machine Learning Models and Symbolic Regressions Reveal Transfer of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Plants: A New Small-Data Machine Learning Method to Augment Data and Obtain Predictive Equations.

Yuan Zhang, Yanting Li, Yang Li, Lin Zhao, Yongkui Yang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Toxics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yuan ZhangSchool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Yanting LiSchool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Yang LiSchool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Lin ZhaoSchool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Yongkui YangSchool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2024YFC3908500
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Machine learning (ML) techniques are becoming increasingly valuable for modeling the transport of pollutants in plant systems. However, two challenges (small sample sizes and a lack of quantitative calculation functions) remain when using ML to predict migration in hydroponic systems. For the bioaccumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, we studied the key factors and quantitative calculation equations based on data augmentation, ML, and symbolic regression. First, feature expansion was performed on the input data after data preprocessing; the most important step was data augmentation. The original training set was expanded nine times by combining the synthetic minority oversampling technique and a variational autoencoder. Subsequently, the four ML models were applied to the test set to predict the selected output parameters. Categorical boosting (CatBoost) had the highest prediction accuracy (

Indexed as

data augmentationmachine learningPFAS bioaccumulationquantitative predictionsymbolic regression

Identifiers

PMID40711024
PMCPMC12300769

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.