ReviewToxics2025
Micro- and Nanoplastics in the Environment: Current State of Research, Sources of Origin, Health Risks, and Regulations-A Comprehensive Review.
Review in Toxics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Article
- Microplastics and Nanoplastics in the Human Diet: Sources of Exposure, Bioavailability, Toxicokinetics, and Systemic Health Effects.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Special Issue: Toxicity of Metals, Metal-Based Drugs, and Microplastics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Reinforcement and Toughening of Thermo-Compressed Guar Gum Films with Untreated Rice Husk for Eco-Friendly Packaging Applications.Polymers · 2026Article
- Environmental endocrine disruptors in cardio-oncology: emerging modifiers of cardiovascular vulnerability in patients with cancer.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2026Review
- Poly(lactic acid-ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Article
- Membrane Technologies for Microplastics Removal from Wastewater: Recent Progress, Fouling Mechanisms, and Future Perspectives.Membranes · 2026Review
- Article
- Microplastics and nano-plastics as emerging gut-brain axis disruptors: mechanistic insights, health implications, and future direction.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Taurine attenuates polystyrene microplastic-associated oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic changes in the spleen of mice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Harmfulness Score: A Data-Driven Framework for Ranking Environmental Risks of Microplastics.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2025Article
- Plastic Pollution and Child Health: A Narrative Review of Micro- and Nanoplastics, Additives, and Developmental Risks.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Nano- and Microplastics in the Brain: An Emerging Threat to Neural Health.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Small-particle-produced goods, such as those used in industry, medicine, cosmetics, paints, abrasives, and plastic pellets or powders, are the main sources of microplastics. It is also possible to mention tire recycling granules here. Larger components break down in the environment to generate secondary microplastics. Microplastics, or particles smaller than 5 mm, and nanoplastics, or particles smaller than 1 μm, are the products of degradation and, in particular, disintegration processes that occur in nature as a result of several physical, chemical, and biological variables. Polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene, polyurethane, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are among the chemicals included in this contamination in decreasing order of quantity. Micro- and nanoplastics have been detected in the air, water, and soil, confirming their ubiquitous presence in natural environments. Their widespread distribution poses significant threats to human health, including oxidative stress, inflammation, cellular damage, and potential carcinogenic effects. The aim of this article is to review the current literature on the occurrence of micro- and nanoplastics in various environmental compartments and to analyze the associated health consequences. The article also discusses existing legal regulations and highlights the urgent need for intensified research into the toxicological mechanisms of microplastics and the development of more effective strategies for their mitigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.